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Show ElVHGHANT'S GUIDE. f"ox, amongst the still untnmeu species of animals, are met wi t1J> 'where er man has yet penetrated. Vegetables, though lesb flexible than animals, yet, where one of each kingdom are acclim~ted t1)ge ther, the vegetable can support much tlw most severe cold; but when transported tl> a new aud more northern residence, directly the reverse effect is prouueed. . A work that would embrace a clear, detailed, and accurate lw;tory of the emigrations and locality ?f vegetables, would be an acquisition of inappreciable value to mankm?· . . . . Ever since the cession of the wtde regwn of Loutstana to the U m!ed States, the important question, whether any o! this countrr will ;1?mit the culture of the vine and olive, has been agit ated. Tim~ very mte ~ resting inquiry is now in train, to lead to decisive r.e~u1ts. Th~ Uni~ ted States' government has granted to a company ot fi rench en: 1grauls a tract of land, in order to make the necessary essay. We have thought it not irrelevant to give, in this volu.me, a sketch o~ comparative geography-, in order to enable the emtgrant to f?rm h1s ow? conclusions, on the probabilities of success, and upon the judgment ot those who selected the spot, where the views of a liberal goYernment were to be carried into effect. The government of the United States, by an act of congress, has granted to a company of French emigrants at a maximum price of two dollars per acre, four contiguom; townships, or 92, lGO acres of land, to be located on lands ceded by the Creek nation of Indians to the United States. The condition of this grant is, that the emigrants shall introduce the culture of the vine and olive. Of all the vegetables cultivated by man in other countries, and not yet introduced into the United States, the most valuable are the viue, olive, and white mulberry. Wine, the olive, and silk, have been brought, each one, to the greatest perfection in the vicinity of one another. Though there are many circumstances in whjch a consiuerable contrast does exist, yet there are many features in which the south of France and that of the United . States have a striking resemblance. In determining whether any given vegetable can be introduced into climates to which it is a stranger, much trouble and expense might be saved by a strict examination of the respective characters of the soil and seasons from wh~nce the plant is taken, with those into which it is to be introduced. To give this interesting subject as much perspicuity as possible, 1heir local position in Europe 2 particularly in France, where the vine,. olive, and white mulberry are Cllltivateu, is given in this treatise, and the account has been drawn from the most respectable authority, and is now presented to the reader, in comparison with Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama. It may be remarkeu en passant, that from the time the ark 1·ested on mount Ararat, to the present day, wine has never been made to any g!'eat perfection upon the alluvial soil of large rivers. The following translations from the most authentic works will be the best illustration of this assertion. " That part of Champagne, so renowned for its vineyards, is one of the most sterile parts of France. It presents an unlJroken pla!n, where ·ou meet almost every where fragment~ of ~balk, or red saud · El\HGRANT'S GUIDE. ~ one, with little earth, and some fossil hells. The view is only occasionally rcliev1:~d by a few small bushes, or trees in a langu·shing r~tate."*" ' . "It is remarkable that the culture of the vine, after b~ing attempted 1n evc~y part of the basin of the Seine, re n·l ins confined to th e parts most dtstant from the sea, such as the former provin e of the Is1e of France and Champaigne. When it is ob.:>erveu, that Norma 1dy is traversed by the 49° N. latitude, the same Jarallei in which are found .the vi neyards of Epernay,. the absence of this precious plnnt m Normandy cann.ot be attnbuted t,o mere difference of latitude. ,: 1· . " They clistingui~h in Burgundy, two parts in respect to wine ; the h1gh ~nd the low . .Lower Burgunuy is a very extensive vineyarJ , that f:ontams several cantons, renowned for their red and white wine. The wine of Lower Bur~undy is amongst the bent in France. little inferior to. that of Higher Burgundy, .vhich it even ~.ometimes exoeJs. The wmes of Higher Burgundy are the best in humiu, those of Lowe~ ur~ undy, in dry sea~ons: As in !en year~ there is scarcely one dry, It follows, that ordmanly the wmes of H1ghcr have an advantage ove~ those of the Lower Burgundy ."t "Da:uphiny :-Climate-Procluclions.-Between the river Rhone t h~ Ink~ rof .Gene~a, ~fount Ventoux, aml the Alps, is situated Dau: r hmy. Thrs regwn JS of very uueclual elevation, from 14.700 to 500 !eet. ab~ve the level of the Mediterranean sea. The exposures and mclmatwn.s of the land vary to infinity, from the profound Alpin valleys, depnved fo~ several consecutive months of direct sutar light, to the reno~ ned vmeyards . t~at bear ~o justly the title of Cote Rotie.§ I r.1 the ne1ghbourhood of Bnan«;un, the snow remains oftPn seven or etgh~ months. together in the valleys. Suma1er, itself, is here subject to vwlent wmds, that often bring a freezing cold. Hurricanes and sleet conitantly menace the hopes of tb,e cultivator. Mount Lion formerly M?unt Dauphin, in the Higher Alps, situated 45° 20' N: )at. ha:,the ~llmate of S~veuen."ll AnJou, T?urra1.11e, Orleanois, Berri, and Basse~.Auvergne, pro· ~~ce ,~ood wme, th~ugh th,e culture is not very skilfully managed. ~.·v.8eyards here drspJay many exceptions to the general rule · acc? r mg to which, south,.east exnosure is the only one fiavourable t~ the vzne." £ · The following is a singular instance of the unity with which nature pursues her o~erations. There are two situations in the southern rartsf:~~ the Umte.d States where the native grape-vines produce excefbn\ lUJt. One Is the dry sides of pine ridges-the other the sandy 1 an {S of streams. In what may be called a deep vecretable loam co] .. ~cte~ as alJuvion or otherwise, if silicious sand is absent, the g;ape-vme Is absent also, in most cases. 1 • IUb~diversal Geography by M. M. Mentclle and Malte Brun. Vol. XVI. p. 34. 1 • Vol. VJ. p. 503. :j: l~id. Vol. VII. p. 60. . ~ ~~t~rt~.lly, toast and butter; figuratively, milk and honey. I mver»ll Geo~raphy, by M. M. MonteJle and Malte Bru.n, Vol. VI. P· 518, I |