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Show .to l)a · ig::~tion from tl e sources of Aleghany and .Monongahela, to the mouth of tlJC Miss isc;;i rri. The timtwr t n'r~s of 1· eutucky do rwt differ very much from those {)[ Ten H.: sse e. P ine and cedar is less frpqucut in the forrn er than in the l:1! ter sta te. Marhle abounds of exct>llcn t quality. T he whole cou ntry may be aid to n:po e on li mestone. 'l'owns,- colleges,- schools.-Lexingfon, in Fayette cou nty, is the br e<Jt and rn o~ l wealthy town in J en til ( ky: it stands at 30° 1 O' N. b.t. 7° [0' V!T long. from '\Va bin ~t o n ci ty, nnd nea rly due no rtl1 from Y noxv ille in T enn~ ~SN'. It Ius been contended by some, that ~he pJain upon wh ich Lexington sta rals, is not excelled for fertility :md beauty in the work! ; wi thout doubt it is one of tbe most prnductire spots in America. T he setUerne nts were CIJmmenced here in 1771J. T he town now conta ins between five and .six thousand people. Improvements iri bui ldillg has kept jJJ.Ce , if not cxceeued the in· re a~e of populati( u, and Lexington, where stood a wilderness less ' ban forty ye ars pa·t, now 8S umes the appearance of a thr iving commerc irll ci ty . ;md its inhabi ta nts exhibit the poli sh and intell1()'ence ~u i si ng from wea lth and lei sur ·. ,:, A few years afte r the fir ·t . e tt H~ rne n ts were formed, the legi slature of Virginia incorpo rated for Kentucky, anJ lucatecl in Le ~ in ~ ton a , emina1y oC {·Juc- tiou un J(> r tl1e tit!e of" T be Tran s ylv~ ni a Universi r:'' n bis in :tl! t ,e.-: tabli sbment made, ?UJ·ing.the fi rst years of its >;... l::..encP, but I1Ule progress. Involved rn lnd1an W<lrs, or enrr::wed iu f11 rming new vill agrs and farm s, the people hau Ji ttle l ei s~ r ~ t& p rsue iterary obje .ts ; but like every th ing else conce rning tbis s t~ te , as soon as re lieved from the prtssu re of savage warfare, the ~ t e n ce o.f the pc~p l e augmented w.i th aston ishing rapidity . Mer1 of l1 wh atta 1nrnents 111 every branch r>t human kuowlc gP. removed into the tc te, anti b ro~1gh t with them tb£:ir information and li be ral vie ws. In . l7DG t~e 1'rar1syl vauia Uuiversity went into opera tion under tbe gu rdance ot tr~ten l >:- -on e tru ·tees, chw en on princ iples cert aiuly novel: t 1o ptr :on lw l ~m:.;mg t~ any of the faculties are admitted. ''rhough H_ot l1ur sue w ~ lh very genr.ral ardour through the sta te, yet educa~ J (lll muJe rap td nd.vnnces m some places, }Ja rticul arly Lexington, msumuc!G as to obtam for that town the title of the Athens of tbe '1:\'estet r st,'ltcs. l~<~siJes t!~e build ings necessary to pu blic worshi p, education, and the, cour ts ut l~w , luere are many very flouri .. hing manufactories in ~:hl lear Lc xrngton. In a word, a vi it to this place cannot fail to g.tre t~ w warme3t plea .. ure to a benevole nt mind. No where in America has the almost instantaneous chan rre, from ae uncultivated waste o the elega r1 ·ies of cil' il iza ti on, been s~ striki nrr. l•' [~ ANKFOlt'T', on Kentucky rive r, at 38'6 14' N. lat. 7° 40' ,V. lon. from ~Y ~.L::~hi ngton city, is now the seat of gove rn ment for the ta.te, bu~ JS not rP.marka ble for any conside rable difference in popuh .twn or nnpro~emeut from Bard's Town, Paris, Washington, or Dan~ ll le, ::.. II, of whtch aw flourishing and pleasant towns, containing fro~· SOO to 1200 iuhabi lauts. · EMIGRANT'S GUIDE. ~0 7 LouisvWe, on the bank · ofObio, at tbe upper extremity of the rapiJs ·0 tl t n re r i. ct·rt:linl v . iu [Joint of wealth and conseque11ce the sc-c1 on•J c.l ' • ' 0 · 38° ~' N I t 10 ., n in 1 1e ;: tate. T he Hapi js of hio Js at '2v 1 • a • 8° 40' W.l on . fwm \Vashi ugton city. L11u · ~v : l c uccu }ies a hi ~h [,ank below the mouth of Bear-g_rass cr~ t- k , ~-> ,\_ t - n o i n g p ·l rd i (~i !O Lhe ri ver. There i ~ a fi ne pr~sp ect from tlw fr• Jllt st d up :.tnJ dow n the stream, and of the opposite coast o tbe 11iate of l n.hma. A vtrv f' Xte oE"i ve and ac tiv e commerce is now carried on behYeell thi · pl<,;e a.nd N ::l tchez. New Orl.eans: an.d St. Lo~is. I~ the p~~= 1,0:e c<wal 15 rnJJe to pa., the ra p1ds, 1t wll ~ a ~ tgment th.e tmprove ~ ment o1 Louiwi lk to a gre at ext ent by f's taiJ itshmg manufactures, by the aln• (l:-1 i Jfi11itr C(l!llmaod of water power. . , At Ow '' we r pa ri nf the raFids a town bas ans.en by .tne nllme of Sh1, ~.~in g Po rt SeV<-' ral shit s, and vessels of all kmds sUJta ~~ f' to th_e OLi" or · 1\1 ic.s i ~:;IJ • pi , have: been b uilt at the l a tte~ p l~c~ . 1 he fa clli t; of l~t ftin g l!tn be r d< ,wn the Ohio, and of c u t~mg 1t mto plank by the atd o wa te r frurn .• can al ~2 feet fall, will, when the latter impr( H.'P ~ eu t. if, c<)mplt t 'U, enable vessels to be built to any pos~ ibte e, ter t th:-tt ··n increa sing popul ation and commerc could demand .. and upon the most r~a sou a ble terms. The re wouiJ ~e no known spot 0 11 the gloLP. w r ~ erf' tbe materials could be more ~ as 1 ly col lt:ctt> d~ or tro" (~ x p e di iou y rendered fi1 for use , not on ly for the const rue ~ tion of ~lups, but dwell~t~ g -houses also. . . . . Ker t u ~ky h"s pas. ed the era of rap1d rncrea~e frmn emJ~rra t to~ : Tb,. lw~. t hn d::' are sold :1nu have become expens1ve The state Wlli t rntiJliJe lo f' I'SSeS'i tlw ad vnnt age of its Joca[ fOSltion; and when the por,11lation 0 ,· the w~sh rn preponderate over that ~f the e:1 stern and northE·rn !'tates, the . eat of gen~ral go\·en11nent wJI I probably be. remove j into th is central sta te. The period, however, when the WP.tght of population wi 11 bave changed j ts relati ve . ~tu a tion, is. more ren ote tb:-m mo ~t people <:~ re in thP. habit of ca~cul~tm g .. It ~vJII b.e s en. by a review of th'~ se vl·ral states and terntorres, g1 en m tb1s treat.lse,. tt1at as in any new sel tlf~ ment , the best l.ands ~ n d . t.hosP near navi gable watt· r- (: our~->P. ::o are tra n ~ ferred to pnvate mdtv1 J uals, tl;e _flood of migrati on mu ~ hegin to subside. Fn,m .th is s.nle c ::~ ~~e anses the less C(}rnparat1 ve iucrease of i n h ab i tan t~ , m per~o~s dt stant from .:he origin ?.) setllen,ent. Tennesset-> , Kentucky, ana mdeed all estabh~h- 111en ts on the v allc~ y of Ohio. are examples. . · The roads in all the state~ and te rritori es north of T<"nnessee, Jtt. the valley of Ohio, are u bl nde.d, that a separa!l-! list would be u~ necessary and puplexing ; tlu~re fo re the rf!.id e ot. the ro~d s anJ mam. routes will be given in connexion, <tt the end of th Js treat1se. Illinois T er;itor1J takes its name from the river of that name, '~· hose valley forms rathe; more than on -h alf the surface of the te rntory, pas -inO' through it ool icuely from nort heast to SOllthwest. 'fl~e length b of l ll inoi:; is r c,m n1orth to . ou h, from the junction of the Ohm and Mississippi, almost on :37° N . lat. to the northern bou~dary of the terr~tory 41° 4:3' N. la t. or 326 miles, its gre at~:; t br~ a d t h IS about the forheth degree of north lat itude. 1 his terr ~ to_ry. tc; ?o~n d ed on the :southwest1 west, and northwest, by the MISSlSSlpp t flY er ; on the |
