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Show "' 164 EMIGRANT'S GUIDE. .. .fifarlha's river • .. Miles • Porcupine river .. 601904 Little Dry river 50 1964 Milk rive{ 54 2018 Big river 45 2063 Bratton's river 25 2088 Muscleshell river 98 2186 Judith river - 57 2243 169 2412 .. 'Slaughter river - Natural wa1ls of Stone 14 2427 Maria's river 26 2452 .Sno'W river 41 2493 Shield's river .. 18 2511 Portage river 28 2539 Great Falls .. - 7 2546 Head of Falls 5 2541 Enter Chippewan mountains 13 2554 Heads of Missouri and Columbia· 30 2584 Mouth of Columbia 964 3548 St. Louis is at 38° 36' N. lat. 12° 58' W. Ion. Mollib of Col. umbia 45° 15' N. lat. 47° 57' W. Jon. These two places bear jrom each other at an angle from the meridian 73° 28'; consequently are 73° 28' N. W., and 73° 28'S. E. respectively distant· 1713 geographical and 1861 English miles. ' The &everal distances, as given by Messrs Lewis and Clark are no ~oubt over calculated ; their aggregate distance exceeds th; direct lme almost two to one, · an excess hardly credible. In most instances wb~re the lengths of rivers have been estimated by persons ascending their curr~nts, the. space passed through bas been overrated, and the tehrer osrt br~aasw .m most mstance~ borne some proportion to the violence of CHAPTER IV. Oun intantion was to have confined this chapter to the culture of the olive tree, but have extended the review to embrace the various ebjecls of cultivation tbat have been introduced, or that probably can be profitably cultivated in the regions contiguous to the estuaries of the Mississippi and Mobile rivers. , A sketch has been made of the wine countries of Europe, whose soil and climate have the greatest resemblance to those parts of the United States where the vine is intended to be introduced. The reader, on comparing the respecti\re places, can form his own concLusions, how f:u an anticipation of success can Le drawn from the clilllate, or the location of the place chosen for the essay. " That the oHve has never yet been brought into general use ia l!outhern Louisiana, excites astonishment. This noble tree from time immemorial has been the emblem of peace and plenty. The olive is, perhaps, the first fruit tree that the human species, in times the most remote, made an object of their care. The olive is, of aU fruits, that one whos6 uses are most numerous and salutary. This tree, over an immense range of the eastern continent, has been from !he earliest times considered, like the cereal gramina, indispensably .llecessary to human society. Yet this benefaction of heaven ha~ been in great part denied to America, from the carelessness of some, and the natioQal avidity of others, amongst the different peoplQ who have planted colonies on this continent.'':¥- Olive. t-It is useless to give an eu1ogium on this precious tree': ''of all trees Ibis is the first," says Columella. No oil can be compared to that drawn from its fruit; the fragments of the seed fatten poultry: its branches nourish cattle ; and its wood is an excellent IUeJ. Thi• tree is rapidly multiplied by the sprouts that arise from its roots; but it cannot bear severe frost. It is believed to have originated from Egypt, from whence it was transported into Greece; and th~ colony of the Pboceans, who built l!:farseilles, enriched that country with a fruit, to which it was before ~ ~tranger. A colony was afterwards sent from 1\f rseilles, who budt the town of Agde: there is every reason to believe that this * The great anaJo~y between the climate of the Plateau of New Spain, with that of Italy, Greece, and southern Fruoc,~, should invite the Mexicans to tha culture of the olive. This culture has been attempted with success, from the ~ommencement of the conquest; hut 1 he governmen~, _by. an unjust political 1ystem, far from encourao-ing, have sought to prevent It md1rectly. There ar~ llo~, that I know, any formal prohibition, but the colonists have not risked a 1er1ous attention to a branch of national industry, that would ha~e instantly t:x:cited the jQalonsy of the mother countt·y. Darby's Louisiana, p. 23 & 219.Humb? ldt Essai l'ol. S. N. E. Voi. HI. p. 149. d' t T~1s article is literally translated from a,r.~ exce:Ueut Frelil"h work, " Court Agrtcultl.lre, See p. 2~_ of ~b~ tre~tisi. |