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Show EMIGRAN'"f'S GUlD'E .. The Illinois is, in all its lenV"th, a gentle current, without falls 01 eveR remarkable shoals. Much of its bank is liable to annual inundation, and of course rendored unfit for culture. It has been already remarked~ that the general surface of tbe country is prairie, some part of which is very tine land, though too much does not deserve so favourable a character. Two streams oi some consequence flow into the Illlnois from the northwest. Spnon Rive1·, has its discharge in T . 4. N. R. lV. E. llising near the northeast part of the soldiers' tract, Spoou river has a course of upward of one hundred miles in leugth, following its various inflectious; its general course i~ nearly parallel to the Jllinois. How far Spoon river is navigable we are unable to say, Lut judging from analogy, 'r'"rould suppose auove one half its entire length. Cruoked Creek, falls into Illinois in '1'. f. S. R. I. E. This stream is marked on l\1 r. GarJiner's map as a creek, but from its length and tlumerous branches, would deserve the til.le of river; the distance thruugh wb1ch it fiuws exceeding eighty miles. llende?·sonRiver,enterstbe Mississippi in T. 10. N. R. Vl.W. and rLes iu the same ridge with the head streams of Spoon river. How far tbe former river is navigaule we are unacyuainted. There are variou~ other small rivers ami creel{s falling into the Mississippi and lllmois, of less consequence than th<Jse we have noticeJ. On Gardiner·s map, thtre is marked a !:>iogular outlet of the Mississippi, leaving that river in T'. 3. S. R. Vlll. 'N. and flowing pa· rallel to the parctJl stream forty miles, again falls into it iu T. 8. S. R. IV. W. Several creeks of considerable length enter this outlet from the norlh. Au ext.en ive inundated tract is laid down where 40° N. lat. inter· sects the Mississippi. This tract is aLout twenty -five miles in ex~ 1cnt uorth and south. From the data afi(Jrded by Gardiner,s map, tb~ country uear the margin of the river!!l bear a strong resemblance to the region::5 adjacent to the Mis-.issippi below the mouth of Ohio. :rile bends of the rivers washing blufrs, but generally ranging over mundaled lanJs. H.etiring from the stn.. : ams into the interior, the surface lJecomes gradually more elevated ami diver!,HieJ in its - gene~ ral a 'P ct. .From the similarity of climate, the natural and artificial proJuctions must, in .a great degree, resemLle tbuse of the adjacent regions in the same lahluJes. Wheat, rye, oats, maize, and other ccrealia, can be p_roduce~.l i~1 great abumlance. Meadow grass of aJJ kinds m~st flounsh F rmts, such as apples, pears, peaches, plums, chernes, and many otbcr.·, w dl 110 doubt be plentifuiJy reared. ~onsid_et·ing tlJe facility <Jf nav1gation, by the two great rivers that enc1rcl~ It on three sides, and tht numerous other streams that flow from i~s c~nt.ral parl.s, the bounty land oftiJrs every necessory facili_ty to nav1gatwn, e!-4pecaally by the route of the Mis:;;isf'ippi and OhiO· But httle ~abour would be demauded, however, to open a water cm~~nur~lcalJOil ~hroug11 the lHinois to lake Michigan. . I b~ ll l(~rvcmng country i~ low, and mostly composed of alluvial matenals, presenting impediments to canal uavigation tbat might 4e EMIGRANT'S GUlDE. 2It easily removed, A glance upon the map of the United States, att uding tbis treatis<~ , will enable the reaJH to perceive the favourable pos tti m of this spot, '~isely sfdected by tlte genera! government to rewarJ the gallantry of the so}Jiers of our Jatt> war. Illinois river, has never been occuratcly !lurveyeJ above the bounty land, but it is known, bowever. to rise in the northeast part of the state of Jndi;,ma, which state it traver. ·es in a western direction one hundred and thirty miles, enters the Illinois territory, <lnd continuing west, one hundred and twenty miles, must h<1ve a curve to the southwest~ not f~1r fro_m t~w _no~theast corner of the bounty lanu. In all prev10us maps of Ilhn(J)S nver, that we bave seen, its general course 1s drawn nearly southwest by we ~ t, through, from its 8ource to its mouth. rrhat course is not very incorrect; ' yet, when drawn in that manner, a very false idea is giveu of the actual range of the stream. lnJeeJ, when attentively examined, a very remarkable coincidence appears in the course of the Illinois. Wabash, and Ohio rivers. This is n:verth~les~ a theory in ~cology, corn in~ more correctly under constderatwn 111 the gpographical part of tbi:' ti·eat.ise. The courses and length of the Illinois river, frorn its contact. w;th the bounty lands to its lllOUth, has been notjceJ, the entire length oe ~ ing~~90miles . - Kaskaskia river, rises in the prairies between the Illinois and W abash, interlocking w jth the head streams of the Little Water branch ~fthe latter. The entire length of the Kaskaskia is about 150 tnile$, Jls course southwest by south, nearly. Thts river is n:n j lT;:;b tf' at h. h /'""> ' ~~ _w~te~, to . a considerable distance above its junction with the M,ISSJSStppl, a few miles below the town of Kask:1skia. The quality of the.lands, the natural and artificial productions, are nearly the same found upon the Illinois. Up~n the Kaskaskia are some of the most extensive settlements yet mad~ m t~1e Illit10is territory; the town be<lring the same name with the nver IS now the seat of government for the territory, a rank it must soon lose, from its position and the increasing settlements to the northwest, upon the Illinois river. Vaseux river, is a stream of eighty miles in length, rising between .the ~aters of the K~skaskia and Little Water rivers, and flowing nearly parallel to the former, falls into the Mississippi some distance above Cape Girardeau. But few settlements, and none of any consequence, meriting particular notice, have yet beeu torrned upon the Waters of the V as<:ux. Ohio river, washes the southeast part of the lllinc)is territory, from the_mouth of the Wabash to the junction of the Ohio an<..l Missis~ ippi, ~ d1stancc of 136 miles. The banks of the Ohio below th_at. of_ th~ abash, assume a gcn ral resemblance to those of the MJsSISS1ppt below the mouth of .Mi~ ouri. The concave bank js mostly composed of craggy lime~tone, the convex bank low, and subject to annual ~nunuatio~. 'I'he .. e features continue as far down as the Great Cave, elo 1~ ':luch both banks become low, ami in every essential quality are smular to those of tbe Mississippi below the mouth of Ohio. The settlements are confined to the alluvial borJer on the river. The :)vvamps commence from n quarter, to half a miJe from the margin of |