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Show , ;:: , - , namely: <<Troe ddce the savage Natives by gentle and jnst manners to the Love of Oivil Societie and Christian Religion."* , LATEE LEGISLATION-ENCI~OACHXENTS ON INDIAN AUTO NO^. Treaties with Indians forbidden.--By an act of Namh 3, 1871 (16 - Stats., 666), Congress declared- That hereafter no Indian nation or tribe within the territory of the United States shall be scknowledgcd or recognized as an independent nation, tribe, or power, with whom the United States may contract by treaty: ProvidarE fwther, That nothing berein contained shall be construed to invalidate or impsir the obligation of any treaty heretofore lawfullr made land ratified with any suoh Indian nation or tribe. 1 %his enactment was not regarded as depriving the several tribes or nations of their condition as alien dependent powers, but simply as re-stricting to simple agreements such diplomatic negotiations between them and the United States as the changing co~lditionsm icht render , expedient or necessary. The apparent reasons for this action were to , .bring under the immediate control of Congress our diplomatic as well as commercial intercourse with those tribes, and to simplify and expe-dite such diplomatic negotiationsas might from time to time be found necessary, in order that the guardianship of their rights, which, by the exigencies of the situation,had devolved upon the United States, might be most effectively and equitably discharged. : Indian Police.-In the Iucliau appropriation act of May 27, 1878 (20 Stats., 86), Congress provided for the appointment of Indian pblioe to be "employed in maintaiuing order and prohibiting illegal traffic in liquor on the several Indian reservations." These officers are ap-pointed from the Indians on the reservation, and are subject to the direction of tbe agent. ' 1 Indian Courts.--In 1882 rules were promulgated by this ofkice, under mbioh certain crimes and misdemeauors and certain Indian customs and dances considered peculiarly opposed to advancement in civiliza- . J tion mere declared to be Indian offenses, and to be punishable as suah I= by the Indian courts established by said rules upon the various reser-vations. These courts were termed "courts of Iudian offenses," and snbsequently Oongress recognized them and' made appropriations for. their maintenance. Indians placed under criminal law.-The ninth section of the Indian ! appropriation act of March 3,1885 (23 Stats., 385), declared that all ' Indians committing against the person or properby of another Indian .or other person any of certain crimes, within any Territory of the United States, and either within or without an Indian reservafion-shall be subject therefor to the laws of suoh Tenitory relating to said orimes, end shall be tried therefor in the same courts and in the same rusnoer, and shall he sub-feet to the same penalties as are,all other persons ohsrged with the commission of said crimes respectively, Charter of Pennsylvanis, Charter and Constitutions-the United States, part 2, p. 1509; see a180 other chart&, ibid.. part 1, pp. 255, 922, and 952; part 2, pp. 1596 i smd 1902. |