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Show NOTE ON THE APACHE TRIBES. 461 region intervening between the Pimas Gilenos and the Moqui; to which end I find the most suitable and occasionally to the Pecos, as well as in Mexico. The principal remnant of the tribe is now in the Santa Rosa mountains, northern Coahuila; the remaining few are with the Mescaleros in New Mexico, and on the Ponca, Pawnee, and Otoe reservation in Indian Territory. 9. Navajo or Navaho. The name of this important and populous tribe is of doubtful origin. It has been suggested that it is derived from the Spanish nav& ja, a clasp- knife, the term having been applied in allusion to the tribal sign for the Navaho among the plains Indians, which is translated " knife- whetters." Inasmuch as the first reference to the tribe, however, is given by a Spaniard ( Zarate- Salmeron, 1626) under the designation " Apaches de Nabaju," this interpretation does not hold. According to Benavides ( about 1650) the name Navajo signifies sementeras grandes (" great sowings "), but the reason for such an interpretation is involved in doubt, as the Navaho could scarcely have been regarded as an agricultural tribe at that time. During the first 200 years of Spanish exploration in New Mexico the Navaho were not mentioned. Indeed the Apache were not mentioned until 1598 ( Onate), although New Mexico had been scoured by Coronado and his subordinates, by Chamuscado, Espejo, and others prior to Onate's time. The Navaho early came into possession of sheep, which required them to lead a semi- sedentary life and thus to remain in practically the same area, which they have occupied since known to history. The present Navaho reservation, in northwestern New Mexico and northeastern Arizona, practically covers their earliest habitat. The tribe numbers about 20,500. The most important work on this tribe is Matthews' " Navaho Legends," Boston and New York, 1897- 10. Xicarilla; better known under the more modern form Jicarilla; also. called by various writers Gicarillas, Icarilla, Icharilla, Iicarrillas, Jacarilla, Jecorilla, Jicara, Jicarillo, Jic- |