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Show 337 Many of them must be, nevertheless, of Shoshonee origin, for we are yet very far from being acquainted with all the Shoshonee words, word- stems, and radicals. For the others, it may be safely asserted that Kizh did not borrow to any extent from the Yuma family. From the neighboring family of Santa Barbara it probably borrowed the extensive use of the reduplicative plural, a grammatical figure not inherent to the Eauvuya family, and an affinity is traceable only in the following words: Kizh. Knsn4. blood khain akholes fox khaur khus San Antonio coincides with Kizh in: Kizh, voshe', dog; 8. A., 6tcho, 6tch; yait, alive; S. A., ( kakhoc-) yota. Kizh agrees with other Western idioms in: uiti, boy ; Wintoon, u£ ta, man; u£ ta- ela, boy. tch& bo, fire; on Sacramento R., 9a, sa; Maya, kaak. tarn, teeth; Pima, tatami. ( pa-) vahe, six; Maya, u& c, ( seven, uuo; eight, uaxab.) tota, stone; Pima, hotie, hota; Heve, tet, Azt., tetl. yu- uit, great; Taos, ya- a\ The affinities of Kizh and Gaitchin to Aztec, and to four languages spoken in the northern Mexican provinces, have been pointed out by Prof. J. C. £. Buschraann in a very erudite paper, entitled " Die Sprachen Kizh und Netela." We refer to the words demonstrated by him to be cognate with Aztec, and only present the subsequent ones Kizh. Aztec, otsd- o, cold ytztic, ( Shosh., utshuin) inahar^ pe macuilli mukanakh, to kill macmiqni pukitcha, to steal itohtequi ( pan-) enatch, to cry ( t~) enotza Buschmann seems willing to admit that the noun- endings - t, - to, - te, - ti, - ts, - tch, in Kizh, replace or closely correspond to the Aztec terminals - tl, - tU, and shows four ways of forming plurals in Kizh: ( 1) by reduplicating the initial syllable, as in haikh, mountain, pi. hahaikh; tohinuit small, pi. tchitchinui; ( 2) by syncope; ( 3) by affixing - not, - rot; and ( 4) by affixing the Gaitchin terminal - out, - bin* Ordinals differ somewhat from cardinals. The particle of the future tense - on is suffixed to the verb; that of the preterit, yamo-, prefixed to it. The language of this tribe does not sound unharmoniously to the ear, and shows a vigorous, energetic constitution in its words and sentences. PAYUTE BRANCH. Passing from the Kauvuya branch to the Payute branch of Shoshonee languages, we are struck, when first glancing over Loew's very complete vocabularies, with the preponderance of deep- sounding vowels, as 0, ti, and a, over the high- pitched e, i; and 0, u, often assume a darker shade by being pronounced surd, ( u, o,) or by being nasalized, ( a, 6, u, u.) This pronunciation of the three vowels is also peculiar to the Utah, and occurs iu many of the Pueblo idioms of New Mexico. In addition to this, we perceive in the Payute dialects a frequent occurrence of a vocalic r, marked r, and in the dialect of Mono and Inyo Counties, Cal., a buzzing s, marked f. The three dialects studied by Loew almost entirely lack the sounds of d and / ; b and v occur frequently in word- terminals, and there seem to be interchangeable. Payute is evidently a sister language of Utah, and bears close relationship to it. It extends over the whole of Nevada and parts of the adjacent States and Territories. O. Loew has taken words and senteuces of the Southern Payutes on the Colorado River, of the Chemehuevis settled on a reserve on the western shore of Colorado River, & nd of the Western Payutes roaming in Mono and Inyo Coon ties, California. Although these three do not differ widely among themselves, greater discrepancies will be probably observed between theBe Southern and the Northern dialects of Nevada, when we will be in possession of linguistic materials from these parts. In order to exhibit more plainly the dialectic differences between the Southern and Western Payute, the Chemehuevi, and the Uintah- Utah, I subjoin a comparative table of words. |