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Show 141 ington Pass, we saw the squaws making blankets. It is a slow process. Between two upright poles are three horizontal ones, two of them placed apart a little more than the length of the blanket, running vertically from one to the other: the warp- threads are stretched; then those of the woof are put in, oue at a time, by hand; a narrow thin board is put in after each of these, and they are hammered down by striking the board with a cleet, which they handle so skillfully as to rarely break a thread. Some of the yarn is furnished by the Government, but the best white yarn they make from the wool of their sheep, and the finest red they make by picking an English cloth and spinning the yarn. These blankets are a perfect protection against rain, and are wonderfully warm. The Tunicha section is a beautiful country and abounds in game. The grazing is particularly good, and there is much arable land in the reservation. The tribe is said to number 9,000. It is fortunate they are peaceably inclined. They rarely do more than steal a few sheep or horses. Although there was, at the time we were there, some little reason to fear an outbreak, some turbulent spirits grown np since the last Navajo war were anxious to show their prowess, and we heard dark rumors of how they were going to kill all the whites in the country. The better counsel of the older men, who had large herds to risk and little to gain, prevailed against such attempt. On the evening of the 20th of July we reached Fort Defiance, the agency for these Indians, now unocenpied by troops. It is situated in a little valley at the mouth of Canon Bonito. The masses of sandstone rock tower up above it several hundred feet. The narrow gorge in the red sandstone through which flows one branch of the Bonito is very impressive, but not so striking as the canons farther north. The Tunicha range, which breaks down into low mesas a little to the south of this, is or has been a large plateau, which is now broken up into many beautiful valleys. There is much fine timber and plenty of water. From Defiance the party traveled by two routes, the main party following the road to Wingate, the topographer going down the Bonito some distance and crossing over to the Rio Puerco of the West, which is a dirty little arroyo or wash emptying into the Little Colorado. The first night out from Defiance the main party camped at Rock Spring, a small pool formed by a dripping spring under the rocks a little to the east of the road and about half way between Defiance and Wingate. At Wingate we spent several days recuperating the animals and posting records. We are much indebted to the kindness of the officers there, who offered us every private and official assistance possible. Wingate is a very pretty four- company post, built of adobe, situated some 15 miles west of the divide between the Atlantic and Pacific waters. It is dependent on a large spring, the Ojo del Oso, for its supply of water, which is carried by ditches and pipes through the whole post. It stands on the northern slope of the Zuni Mountains, which rise about 1,000 feet behind it. The adobe, or sun- dried brick here used, has as main constituent a pale- blue clay, which is very pleasing to the eye as well as possessing the more practical advantage of being particularly durable for that class of masonry. The roofs are shingle; not the ordinary earth ones used throughout New Mexico. After our rest at Wingate we started into the Zuni Mountains with renewed energy, and found them far different from what we had expected. Through what has alwaya been represented as the crest of the mountains, we found an anticlinal axis. Following the axial line was a wide valley, running nearly the entire length of the range, abounding in the most beautiful glades, with bunch- grass Id inches high standing as thick as it could grow, here and there rooted out in the damper places by red and white clover. These natural meadows were a rare treat to our animals, which had so long been living on bnt scanty provender. Ten or twelve sheep- ranches already located and one large cattle- ranch showed that these advantages were not unappreciated. Here we replenished our larder by mutton as well as l> y venison killed by one of the party. The game is very abundant. Bear, elk, deer, and turkeys were seen in numbers, and had we had time there would have been rare sport. From Gallinas Spring, in the eastern part of the range, 4£ miles from Agua Fria, the party broke up into three parties, the topographer, with two packers, going to the famous Inscription Rock, with instructions to proceed eastward from there; the main party going to Agua Fria, thence to old Fort Wingate; I myself going down the Canon de Zuni to Blue Water, up through the Blue Water Can on," and back to old Fort Wingate. From old Fort Wingate, which is on the waters of the Ojo Galle and about 3 miles south of it, with the assistant topographer we ran two more lines through the Zuni Mountains, occupied several topographical stations, and from there went to McCarty's ranch, which is on the San Jose" Creek jiiBt under Mount Taylor, Gallo Spring furn inning most of the water for the San Jose\ ita other heads being A& na Azul, which is the outlet of the Valles Ovagoues of the Zuni Mountains. Here we waited the arrival of the topographer. The Zuni Mountains, which we had finally covered by the survey, are but a low range, reaching in no place much over 9,000 feet. Heavily timbered, with but few promineut points, its northern slope is very gradual, but it is much cut np by small canons. Parallel to its axis rnns a valley having on the north a line of hills or hog- backs nearly perpendicular on their |