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Show 1877.] ANATOMY OF THE RUMINANTS. 9 The generative organs of the Ruminantia present many features of interest bearing on classification. These are mainly to be found in the shape of the glans penis, the development of Cowper's glands, and the number of cotyledons in the placenta. The glans penis is very different in shape in the various genera of the Ovidae as well as of the Cervidae. In all it is the case that the terminal portion of the urethra is extremely small in calibre. Figs. 13-15 give views of the lateral, anterior, and inferior surfaces Fig. 13. Penis of Cervus cashmeerianus. of the organ in Cervus cashmeerianus, with which the following species agree in structure-C. elaphus, C. dama, C. aristotelis, C. moluccensis, C. kuhlii, G. alfredi, and C. porcinus. In them the glans constitutes a cylinder, slightly flattened from side to side, about one fourth as deep as it is long, measured from the preputial reflection. Its extremity is obtuse, vertically grooved, and slightly flattened, the orifice of the urethra appearing on the apex of a simple blunt cone about one sixth of an inch in height, the base of which is slightly included in the lower termination of the apical vertical fold, near its lower or frenal margin. In Cervus mexicanus, C. pudu, and C. campestris the arrangement is somewhat different, the vertical groove being absent, the termination of the glans being a blunt cone, with the urethral orifice at its apex, as is seen in fig. 16 (p. 10). In Capreolus caprea, Cervulus muntjac, and Elaphodus cephalophus the glans is peculiarly long and slender, at the same time that it is nearly cylindrical, with a rounded apex, at the lower part of which the urethra opens by a simple orifice. This is seen in fig. 17 (p. 10) taken from the Roebuck. In Tragelaphus scriptus it is the same. In Bos taurus the glans is elongated, forming an irregular cylinder, smoothly rounded at the apex, the urethra (which has no free terminal extension) opening below it at a little distance from the extremity in a downward direction. This is seen in fig. 19 (p. 10). |