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Show THE OLD WATERMARK 33 border and surmounted by a crown, as a watermark on one sid of his paper, with the name Ti0as on the other. The watermark of carly New England papermakers are so obscure that I itat to make any definite assertions regarding them _, QI ~o. 21 Ephrata watermarks from about 174 The fourth paper mill in Pennsylvania was established forty-si years afer the original Rittenhouse project. This was Die Papie Miihle des Briderschaft zu Ephrata, built on the banks of th Cocalico Creek, in Lancaster County. Ephrata was a communisti t scttlement, a branch of the Pietists of Germany who emigrate of th Pennsylvania i the carly ightcenth century. The member o community lived in a cloister or convent under monastc rule celbacy and austeity. The community was selsusaining, as the ot only fabricated their own paper, but engaged in printing ando bookbinding, as well as in a number of simpler crafts. Several o on the buildings of the old cloisters are still standing and for the most interesting groups of early eightcenth century construction in this country. The paper mill of the community at Ephrat was under the dircction of the Funk brothers, Samuel and Jacob both experienced in the art of papermaking, having acquired th a coars trade in Germany. The principal product of the mill was neve brown paper which they called "macalatue." This paper wa paper \watermarked, but the finer grades of printing and writing wa bore marks of identification. One of the Ephrata papermark Digital Imag © 2004 University of Utah. All rights re eserved |