OCR Text |
Show 31 PAPERMAKIN half-moon, crown, flails, or like symbols. We find also a curle snake on the staf of a cross projecting from the bull's head device resembling a caduceus. Watermarks of the head of the bull, bot surmounte by snake and cross and the rose of bliss are foun i lish. The bull's head mark in various forms also appears in pape that was used by William Caxton, Colard Mansion, Gerard Leeu and other noted printers who procured their paper from the Lo Countries. ‘The full figure of the bull is not so common a watermatk as the head alone, but when it does appear it s interesting t note that the tail is usually divided into three strands. The bull a Apis, represented by the bull. The ox was emblematic of patienc and strength, and in the writings of some of the carly Fathers it i accepted as a symbol of Christ the true sacrifice, also of prophets apostles, and saints sain for the sake of Christ, and of all who pa tiently bear the yoke and labour in silence for the good of others In illustration No. 197 may be scen the evolution of the bull' head as a watermark Th first mar in this figure shows the bull' head from the Myles Coverdale Bible of 1536. At the beginning o the sixtcenth century the head gradually developed into a shieldlike scroll, stil retaining the horns on each side at the top, a shown in the scond drawing. The third tracing shows the watermark used by William Rittenhouse, thought to be an outgrowt over eleven hundred examples of this animal used as a device fo marking paper. The unicorn was symbolic of purity and inno Digital Imag © 2004 University of Utah. All rights reserved |