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Show 11 PAPERMAKIN show us how type was made at that time. It is only by piecing together material from many and varied sources that we are able t papermaking was jealously guarded by the old workers, and, ther being litele intercourse between the different mills, it was natura that the papermakers in each lonh(y should have had their ow methods of fabrication. Even today there is a sccrecy among th malkers of handmade paper in Occxdem,an the various mills &how a pronounced variation in equipmenta methods of oper n an examinationof old Asiatic and European paper it may b readily perceived that the sheets were formed upon fla and from the impressions leftin the paper by the material ofwhic were constructed. The moulds differed slightly in workmanshi n the various countries and localities, and therefore we have inherited in documents, manuscripts, and books, innumerable varieties of paper, much beyond classification; yet it is clear that th rundmmum principles of both mould construction and the actua making of the paper have undergone few changes since the original invention by the Chinese all old paper mills, aside from the appliances that were use it preparation of the pulp or paper stock (described in pa 1), there were four essential utensils used,-the vat, the moulds the felts, and the press. In every antique engraving depicting th papermakers' art these four necessary appliances will be seen. I the fificenth century the vat for holding the fibrous liquid wa simply a round or oblong wooden tub, about five feet in breadth reaching in height to the worker's waist, and bound with stou hoops. The old vats were probably made from huge wine casks o tuns cut through the centre, as it s not likely that there were speI shops where papermaking cquipment was manufactured Digital Imag © 2004 University of Utah. All rights reserved |