OCR Text |
Show 516 INDEX. Austrnlio.n genera of plants in Indio., 405 Australin.n plo.nts absent from New Zoaln.nd, Birds as seed-carriers, 250 . . common to Great Bntam and Japan, no~:-~0north temperate zon~, 4.05 running wild in Neilgherno moun-tains, 4.96 .. Austro.lian region, deflmhon of, 45 mammo.ls n.nd birds of, 46 Austro.lian seeds sco.ttered in New Zeo.lttntl, Aylwa~~~ Co.ptain, on glo.cin.tion of South Africn., 157 .AAzzoorreess,, 2a3b0s ence from, of ln.rge-fnu· ted t r.o es or shrubs, 251 Azores, zoologico.l features of, 240 birds of, 241 insects of, 241 beetles of, 245 land-shells of, 247 flora of, 248 . t" 1 1 t Azores and New Zealand, lden lCa p an s in both, 480 . . Azoreo.n bird-fauna, ongm of, 242 Azorean fauna o.nd flora, deductions !rom, Azore:! 3 plants, facilities for the dispersal of, 251 B. Babirusa alfurus, 427 Badgers, 41 . . " Bahamas contrasted w1lh Flm:H~a, o Baker, Mr., on flora of l\iauntlU~ aml the Seychelles, 411 Bali arrd Lombok, contrasts of, 4 Banco. peculiar species of, 86~ Ba1·ba;.ea precox on railway banlt, 482 Barn-owl, wide range of, 15 Barriers to dispersal, 71 Bats in Bermuda, 260 . Bears of Europe and Americ.a, 14 Beaver of Europe and Amencn., 1-1 Beetles of the Azores, 245 remote affinities of some of, ~-16 Beetles of the Galapagos, 273 of St. Helena, 286 of the Sandwich Islands, ~05 Beetles peculiar British spec1es of, 832 Bell-bh!ds, distribution of, 23 . Bennett, Mr. A., on the vegetation of r:ulwn.y banks, 482 . Bentham, Mr., on the compos1tre of tho Galapagos, 277 on the compositoo of St. IIelena, 296 on the Mascarene composit~, 416 on Sandwich Island compos1too, 808 Bermuda, 258 soundings around, 255 red clay of, 256 zoology of, 257 reptiles of, 257 birds of, 257 insects of, 260 land-mollusca of, 260 flora of, 261 . f b" u Bermuda and Azores, companson o 1r - faunas of, 258 Bernicla sandvichensis, 301 . . . Biological causes which determme d1stnl u-tion, 500 Biological features of Madagascar, 3 8 Birchall, Mr. Edwin, on Isle of Man lepi· doptera, 831 Birds as plant-dispersers, 79 co~mon to Indin. and Japan, 370 ranges of, 15 specific range of, 15 disperso.l of, 73 of the Azores, 241 of Bermuda, 257 of Bermuda and Azores compared, 238 of the Galn.pagos, 270 of the Sandwich I slltncls, 301 peculiar to Britain, 320 of Borneo, r.5J of Java, 357 of the Philippines, 361 of Japan, 368 peculiar to Japan, 86!) }lllCuliar to Formosn., 375 common to Formosa and India or 1\Ia-laya, 478 of 1\iadagtLSCilr, and their teachings, 39,1 of Comoro Islands, 400 of the Seychelles, 401 of the Mascarene islands, 407 of islands east and west of Celebes, 423 of Celebes, 428 peculiar to Celebes, 420 of New Zealand, 447, 453 wingless, of New Zealand, 447 Blackburn, Mr. T., on tho beetles of the Sandwich Islands, 805 Blakiston aml Pryer on birds of Jn.pan, 868 Blanchar<l, M.. Emile, on flora of Madagascar, 411 Bln.n<l, 1\fr., on ln.nd-shella of Bermurln., 260 Blanford Mr. W. T., on small elJcct of m~rine denudation, 218 Blocks, travelled and perchell, 106 Blue magpies, range of, 15 Borneo, geology of, 850 mammalia of, 851 birds of, 852 insects and land-shells of, 855 affinities of fa uno." of, 855 Borneo and Asia, resemblance of, 6 Borneo and Java, 848 Boulder-beds of tho carboniferous formo.- tion, 1911 Boulder clays of east of Englanll, 114 Bovilloo, 28 . Brady, Mr. 11. B., on habitat of globigerinro, 90 . t f "th . t . Britain, probable clnna o o w1 wm cr m aphelion, 151 British birlls, range of, 31-38 British Columbia, interglacial warm periotls Britistn, f~~no. and flora, peculiarities of, 845 British I sles, recent changes in, 313 proofs of former elevation of, 315 submerged forests of, 315 buried river channels of, 317 last union of with continent, 318 why poor in species, 818 peculiar birds of, 820 fresh-water fishes of, B21 peculiar insects of, 825 peculiar Lepidoptera of, 827 peculiar Coleoptera of, 832 peculiar Trichoptera of, 837 peculiar land and fresh-water shells of, 888 peculiarities of the flora of,_839 peculiar mosses and Hepat10re of, 3,11 INDEX. 517 British mammals as indicating a zoological region, 33 Buried river-channels, 817 Bttteo solitarius, 801 Butterflies of Celebes, peculiar shape of 43B ButterlUes, peculio.r British, 327 ' c. Caddis-flies peculiar to Britain, 837 Ca:cilia, species of, in the Seychelles, 404 wille distribution of, 404 Crociliadro, 27 Call·ithea Leprietwi, 18 Callithea sctpphi1·a, 18 Camels as destroyers of vegetation, 285 Camels, former wide distribution of, S9J Camelus, 17, 26 Campanula t'ida£ii, 252 Canis, 17, 25 Carabus, 42 ·carboniferous boulder-beds, 191 Carboniferous warm Arctic climate, 19:i Carnivora in Mallagascar, 889 Carpe95er, Dr., on habitat .of globigerinro, Carpenter, Mr. Edward, on Mars and glacial periods, 159 CarduttB mm·ianus in New Zealand, 483 Carpodc~eus purptweus and P. califonlictts, 66 Castor, 17 Casuarina, 179 Casuarina in India, 495 Cause of extinction, 61 Caves of Glamorganshire, 316 Cobiboo, overlapping genera of, 28 Celebes, physical features of, 422 islands around, 424 zoology of, 426 derivation of mammals of, 427 birds of, 428 not a continental island, 481 insect pecularities of, 432 Himalayan types in, 483 peculiarity of butterflies of, 433 list of land-birds of, 436 Centetidre, 26 Centetidre, formerly inhabited Europe, 891 Central America, 52 Ceratodus, or mud-fish, 67 Corvus, 17, 25 Chalk a supposed oceanic form~tion, 87 Chalk at Oahu, analysis of, 88 Chalk, analysis of, 89 Chalk mollusca indicative of shallow water, 90 Chalk sea, extent of, in Europe, 91 Chalk-formation, land-plants found in, 92 deposited in a shallow sea, 92 of Faxoe an ancient coral-reef, 92 modern formation of, 98 supposed oceanic origin of erroneous, 94 "Challenger" soundings and shore-deposits, 84 " Challenger " ridge in the Atlantic, 98 Chameleons very abundant in Madagascar, 402 Chamois, distribution of, 18 Changes of land and sea, 81 Chasmorhynchus, distribution of, 28 C. nudicollis, 24 C. tricarunculatus, 24 C. variegatus, 24 Chilomenus lunata, 289 Chinchillas, 26 Chrysochlo1·ldoo, 29 Oicinclela, 17 Cicindelidro common to South America and Madagascar, 27 Climate affected by armngoment of tho great conlinents, 198 astronomical causes of changes of, 122 causes of mild Arctic, 188 changes of, during Tertiary and Secondary Periods, 196 changes of, as affecting migration of plants, 485 . Climate, nature of changes of, caused by high excentdcity, 228 exceptional stability of tho present, 224 of Britain with winter in aphelion, 151 of Tertiary period , in Europe and N. America, 171 Climates of Tertiary and Secondary periods, 195 Climate of the Secondary and Palreozoic epochs, 198, 195 Climate, properties of snow and ice in re· lation to, 127 Climatal changes, 108 Climatal change, its essential principle l'estated, 158 Climatal changes as modifying organisms, 220,222 Clouds cut off the sun's heat, 140 Coal in Sumatra 358 Coast line of globe, extent of, 214 Cochoa, distribution of, 25 Cold alone does not cause glaciation, 180 how it can be stored up, 128 Coleoptera of the Azores, 245 of St. Helena, 286 of the Sandwich Islands, 805 peculiar British species of, 882 Comoro Islands, 899 mammo.ls and birds of, 400 Compositoo of the Galapagos, 277 of St. Helena, 295 of the Sandwich Islands, 808 of the Masco.rene Islands, 416 species often have restricted ranges, 478 Conclusions on the New Zealand flora, 474 Contemporaneous formation of Lower Greensand and Wealden, 213 Continental conditions throughout geological time, 94-97 changes and animal distribution, 99 extensions will not explain anomo.lous facts of distribution, 420 Continental Islands, 285 of recent origin, 812 general remarks on recent, 880 Continental period, date of, 818 Continents, movements of, 86 permanence of, 94 general stability of, 99, 101 geological development of, 198 Continuity of land, 72 Continuity of now isolated groups, proof of, 69 Cook, Captain, on a native quadruped in New Zealand, 446 Cope, Professor, on the Bermuda lizard, 257 Comcias temminckii, 488 Corvus, 17 Cossonidre, in St. Helena, 287 Cretaceous deposits in North Australia, 462, 465 Cretaceous flora of Greenland, 179 Croll, D1·. James, on Antarctic icebergs, 182 |