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Show xii CONTENTS. PART II. INSULAR FAUNAS AND FLOH.AS. CHAPTER XI. THE CLASSIFICATION OF ISLAND.'!. Importance of Islands in the study of the Distribution of Organisms-Classification of Islands with reference to Distribution-Continental Islands-Oceanic Islands Pages 233- 237 CHAPTER XII. OCEANIC ISLANDS :-THE AZORES AND BERMUDA. THE AZORES, OR WESTERN ISLANDS. Position and physical features-Chief Zoological features of the Azores-BirdsOrigin of the Azorean bird-fauna-Insects of the Azores-Land-shells of the Azores-The flora of the Azores-The dispersal of seeds-Birds as seed-carriers -Facilities for dispersal of Azorean plants-Important deduction from the peculiarities of the Azorean fauna and flora. . Pages 238-253 BERMUDA, Position and physical features-The .Red Clay of Bermuda-Zoology of BermudaBirds of Bermuda-Comparison of the bird-faunas of Bermuda and the A.zoresInsects of Bermuda-Land Mollusl!a-Flora of Bermuda-Concluding remarks on the Azores and Bermuda • Pages 253-264 CHAPTER XIII THE GALAPAGOS ISLANDS. Position and physical features-Absence ~of indigenous Mammaha and AmphibiaReptiles- Birds-Insect!! and Land-shells-The Keeling Islands as illustrating the manner in which Oceanic Islands are peopled- Flora of the Galapagos-Origin of the Flora of the Galapagos.,....Con.cluuing Remarks , Pages 265- 280 . ' .. • CONTENTS. xiii CHAPTER XIV. s·r. HELENA. Position and physical features of St. Helena-Change effected by European occupa· tion-The Insects of St. Helena-Coleoptera-Peculiarities and origin of the Coleoptera of St. Helena-Land-shells of St. Helena - Absence of Fresh-water Organisms-Native vegetation of St. Helena- The relations of the St. Helena Oompositre-Coucludiug remarks on St. Helena . Pages 281- 297 CHAPrrER XV. TilE SANDWICU lSLANDS. Position and Physical features-Zoology of the San<lwich Islands-Bircls-RcptilesLan< l-shells- Insects-Vegetation of the Sandwich Islands-Peculiar features of the Hawaiian Flora- Antiquity of the llawaiian Fauna and Flora-Concluding observations on the Fauna and 1Tlora of tho San<lwich Islands-General Remarks on Oceanic Islands , Pages 298- 311 CHAPTER XVI. CONTINEN'I'AL ISLANDS OF RECENT ORIGIN: GREAT DlUTAIN. Characteristic I<'eatures of Recent Continental Islands-Recent Physical Changes of the British Isles- Proofs of Former Elevation- Submerged Forests-Buried River Channels·-'l.'ime of Last Union with the Continent-Why Britain is poor iu Species-Peculiar British Birds--Fresh-water Fisl1es-Cause of Great Speciality iu Fishes-Peculiar British Insects- Lepidoptera confined to the British Isles-Peculiarities of the Isle of Man Lepidoptera-Coleoptera confined to the British Isles-Trichoptera peculiar to the British Isles-Laud and Fresh-water ShellsPeculiarities of the British Flora --Peculiarities of the Irish Flora-Peculiar British Mosses and Hepatiere-ConcluLling Remarks on the Peculiarities of the Briti~;h Fauna aml l•'lora . Pages 312- 347 OHAP'l'ER XVII. DOHNEO A~D JAVA. Position and physieal features of Borneo-Zoological features of Borneo: :Mammalia -Birds-The affinities of the Bornean fauna- Java, its position and physical features- General character of the fauna of Java-bi.fferences between the fauna of Java and that of the other l\Ialay Islands-Special relations of the Javan fauna to that of the Asiatic continent-Past geographical changes of Java and Borneo -The Philippine Islands-Concluding Remarks on the Malay Islands Pages 348- 362 CHAPTER XVIII. JAPAN AND F ORl\JOSA. Japan, its position and Physical features-Zoological features of Japan-1\Iammalia -Birds-Birds common to Great Britain and Japan-Birds peculiar to Japan -Japan Birds recurring in distant areas-.Formosa-Physical features of For-mosa-- Animal life of Formosa-Mammalia--Land birds peculiar to FormosaFormosan birds recurring in India or l\lalaya- Comparison of faunas of Haiuan, Formosa, and Japan- General Rcmarl•s on Recent Continental Islands P(/ges 363- 382 |