OCR Text |
Show the school, including wearing apparel for boys and girls, table and bed linen,cnr-bins, towels, andeverything thatis needed for the comfort an4 well being of the pupils. A11 body linen should he changed at least once aweek and individual towelsand handkerchiefs must he supplied pnp~ls. Bureaus snd tables shodd be supplied with neat covers which pupils should take pride in keeping well laundered. It is well to wash comfortsand blankets at least once a year. Dresses and apronsshonld be starched since they keep clean mnchlonger. Pupilsmust be taught in the laundry to use fires economically, to sort and wash white and colored clothes; the different ways of washing, rihsiug, wringing, hln-ing, and starching clothes; the making of soap and starch, also their use; nsing lye; drying clothes out of doore and in the house; sprinkling and ironing clothes; care of laundry, tub, buckets, utensils, machinery, and irons. The object is to teach all pupils to be aMe to do family washing expeditiously and thoroughly. The school laundry is maintained not only to keep theclothing usedat the school in proper condition, hut to train the pupils in habits of cleanliness and civilized ways of living and for hygienic reasons. Pupils must be taught the work in a systematic way and the training must oe so thorough thzt pupils will see and feel the reasons far washing articles clean and making them look-w attractive asps-sible. They mnst heshown the inadvisability of keeping soiled clothing in a sleep-ing room and in sorting clothes properly, washing white and colored piema separately. Th6y must be taught to use plenty of soap, to rub soiled things on a .hoard (using a scrubbing brush on heavy-soiled garments), rinsing properly and drying in the open air, and finally ironing smoothly. XUSIC. Ekoehel believed that mnsic greatly ansisted thedevelupment of all the powers of the child; that it awakens the moral life, elevates the spiritual tone. and gives relief to physical weariness; therefore in the kindergarten thechild is given songs and mother plays which are full of mnsic. Pnre tone mnst be sought. This will he aided by nsing a pleasent tone in speak-ing; therefore cultivate it in all recitations snd conversations. The position of the body and throat while singing should contribute to the fill1 expansion ot the lungs; not only mnst the mouth be open nearlyas wide ilsnatnre will allow, hut the throat also must be open. In the lowest grades the ohildren may he given a few simplerote songs illustrat-ing the lesson to be impressed. Have them sing in a natural soft tone, never per-mitting nasal cones. A few exercises in breathing should be given before singing, and see that all children assume a proper poaition while singing. Patriotic songa mast be taught and the children told something of the life of the author and the reasons for writing the songs given. Every evening at the study honr, or what should he termed the rqclwation honr. the pupils may be given fifteen minutes drill on sight reading from the chartand blackboard, the scales, tonic drill, and part inp ping. It is not the desire of the Department to give sdvanced instrnctions in music, hnt it is intended to be taught mare as a recreation, whose uplifting influence will he felt in the home. NATURE STUDY. The Indian child is already fairly well equipped with this information, and shonld he taught facts about nature that are of practioal use in every day farm life, and he shonld be taught to make use of them. Without these practical les-sons, nature teaching is deprived of most of its power. Nature study in the kiu-dergarten years will very materially assist in the acquirement of English. Fust gear.-Dnnng the tirst yew of the rhlld's school life only themwt simple and elementary facts of naturr study should th, treated of. In September, frults. grains.and plants matoring at that time should be talktd about and eramined imth a mlnateness vuryingkith the grade. Collect. lal,rl.xnd study seetlsof all kitrds. In Octoher,add to thecnllection the diflerror kinclr oi nurs and leared comtnou to the nriehborhood. wavh the o~o-e~r~a - tiona*.n tho erhool farm. In this ronnection it rn6 be observed that in every yem. tho work progressing on th? schwl farm should be talked atloot and followed aud usrd for illustrations whencver nonn~b:a.h arinn- in mew the fact that rhncllild ~ ~ ~~ ~ ~ ~.~~. ~.- is to do tLic fnrnl work himst-If ~ h e ;o) l drr.' Have allotted to each,yhilcl a plcco of pround for n little ganleu, which may he known a;i h1s '.farm. At thc p!.o(wt?r scnwn the boys should make small bores |