| OCR Text |
Show should be fornishe~tlo the pupil, and he shonld be encouraged w read and study them, and make designs and models of the appliances shown, that he may keep in touch with modern innchinery in general use. First yem-The students shonld first be taught to keep themaelves neat, and should assist the engineer in keeping the machinery and the engine and boiler rooms clean. Give the boy the oiler and pot him to oiling the shafting. Th:n let him wipe up around the engine and remove all anrplns oil and grease, then scrub the floor and do suoh other work as he can. When the engineer is absent. he can watch things and wipe off the running parts of the engine. Lateron, the student may occasionally be left in charge of the engine. In the boiler room, where the pupil wlil be chiefly engaged this year, the first things to be given the pnpil to do will be to wheel out ashes and get in coal, oil the shafting, and clan the pipes. Give some lessons in pipe fitting and putting in valves. At the proper time give instruction in the principle upon which the boiler-feed pumps work; how to pack, repair, and clean them, and their care in general. Then will follow the care of the fires, when to clean the fires and how they shonld be kept to get the best results from the fuel used. An intelligent fireman oan often save in fuel an amount several times greater than his wages. Sh9w how to prepare the boiler before exhausting the steam for the work of cleaning, how to clean, how it ehould be kept after cleaning, how to test for leaks, loose rivets, and strained rods. The detachable parts of the boiler shonld be removed and the pupils shown how to reassemble them in good order. Then illustrate the proper way of closing up the boiler, how to prepare it for firing, and how' to connect it with other boilers. Have them watch the steam and water gauges, and learn what to do if the steam pressure rises too high or falls too low. Incidentally, as much repair work on hot and cold water pipea, radiators, and steam pipes as possible will he given the pupils as a beginning of their instrnction in plumbing and ateam fitting. Second year.-The apprentice this year will enter the engine room. Teach the principles of the engine; show how to start and stop the engine; to set up and repair it; to set ita valves; to pack it and take up the weaq to set the piston; to oil the engine properly, and to clean the various parts. Practice will be given in running the engine, making steam connections, setting slide valve, givjng proper 1np and lead, setting eccentric, arranging for proper cut-off, fitting 011 cups, raeedmg governors, fitting belts, lining np, and calculating indicated horsepower. Give the same attention to the running of dynamos and motors, their adjust-ment and care. When the pnpil has learned how to run the engine and has shown that he can he relied upon, he may be used as a snhstitnte to run the engine and boiler in the absence of the engineer. This will arouse the boy's ambition and pride in his ability and is very valuable in order to impart self-confidence and thoronghness. Third year.-Continne and review the work of the first and second years. Much attention will be given this year to plnmhing and steam fitting. Teach how to set and connect different kinds of radiators and how to make the various kinds of coils in common use, such as return coils, miter coils, corner coils, etc. Then give instruction in the piping of dwellings and other buildings. Have the pupils learn the relative merits of the different systems; the one-pipe and two-pipe systems; those with high and those with low preamre, and the exhaust steam plan. Give mnoh practice in the fitting of pipes, cntting of pipes. and cutting of threads. Have tbe pupils do as mnch repair work as possible on steam pipes and radiators. The student should become very proficient,in pipe fitting. Teach h0.w to make a solder; how to make a "wiped joint,"a joint betweeen lead and ~ron pxpss. and a "packed joint." Give as much practice aa possible in settting up closets and bath tnbs. Whatever repair work may be done around any of the buildings of the schoal shonld he utilized to give the pupils practical experience. Take np the steam-heating plant of the school and study it thoroughly. Show the necessity for covering the steam pipes and why the boiler is placedlower than any part of the pipe system. Teach the laylng of steam pipes under ground. Give talks on steam-heating boilers, and assign problems in finding heating capacity; also problems in estimating the cost of a given piece of work in steam heating. Give instrt~ctionsa s to the careof the pipes during the various seasons. After steam heating will follow general plumbing which shonld be taught very carefully. Ciive instruction in natural drainage. Hpwes, especlallg farmhouses, shonld |
