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Show COURSE OF RTUDY. 423 Impress by precept aa well ae by example how necessary it is for the well.heing of the farm, the appearance, oto., to keep the p!ace frye from foul weeds, which should alwuyn be cut before they have transmitted thew seed*. . . ., I,,c,,rot.e,,,u,zt or,cl ~~ull.t.~rcl~!frot.nilr -Teach that soils areimproved in two ways: First. l,y natural eaures. and second. by artificial rueans. Tho improvement by narn~r~a-l~ ~c auses amounts to considerable after lone lanses of time. hut. condidered ~~~ ~~~ ~ ~~p~~~ ~~ ~ as an a~nreciahleb enefit tothe farmer, is insigiiifiiant in compnrisbn with the resultsbhtained by artiticialmeans. - One of the prominent imperfections of soils is in regard to the quantity Of water they contain-either too much or too little. In the first case the remedy may he found in proper drainage; in the second either by irrigation or by sdding to the soil such materials as will increase the retentive power of the soil for water: Deep plowing and ~uhsoilinga re a means of draining to a limited extent, hut can not he substituted for ditching inwet, swampy lands. Emphasize the advant-ages to be obtained by draining. Someof the principal benefitsare the following: 1. It aads to the farmer's wealth by reclaiming wet lands, whichareoften found to be the richest part qf his farm. Frequently, where the wet lauds intersperse with the dry tracts ara~nagew ill change these detached plots into one contlnuons field, and thereby decrease the cost of cultivation. 2. By removing the water from the surface the rootsof theplantsareenabled to penetrate deeply, thereby not only adding to the nealth and size of the plants. but preventing the effects of drought, as the roots of the plant are so dm that the effect of the sun's rays and the dryness of the aurfwe soil does not reacR them. 3. It improves the sail hg inaudng a more rapid fall and dispersion of the water through it, thns carrying air and warmth to the Lower levels. 4. i t adds further to the warmthof the soil by preventing excessive evaporation, which is always a cooling nrooess. Ivr.gul,r.,,. . lrrlguttu<$ au abaoluto necessity in many Indian countries, and in sorb lovalitics i t w~ll he or paramonnt imllortanoe iu the work of the farmer. Throurrh tbii ilceuc:v aorthle;is traL.18 aro converted Into rich farms. Tl~u't:urn~~trn lrs'te ndeavor to give lhe pupil a thorough acqnaintance with the prileti.!nl features or irrigation. f..r this wlrl be the fuun~lationo f hls farming in those sectloo* not kavmc sutliclent rainfall. Diffaraot c r o ~ sa nd different soils re l u r e dirfcront times and mannor of ~rrigannga. n d tlre i&er &st be careful that the boy le;rrnm hy actoal doiug how to adapt his mode of irrigating todltIrrent klntls of land, and espccially must know the proper mannor and time For irrigating tho aeveral crons. (!102/vq, ~a~l>andhq.-Showth e pnpila how the adding of clay to sandy mils and the reverse may be mado a veryeffcctivo rneansof improvement. 111 the first case the soil 1s made more compact and retentive of moisture, aud ID the second it |