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Show 364 ENTOZOA. CA.RYOPHYLLJEUS, Bl. Where the bead is dilated, fringed and furnished underneath with a bilabiate sucker, not easily perceived. A second and similar sucker bas been occasionally seen underneath the tail. One species is known, which inhabits various fresh·water Fishes, and particularly the Bream( 1 ). DisTOMA, Retz and Zed. Where there is a sucker at the anterior extremity of the mouth, and a cup, a little posterior to it, on the venter. The species are very numerous, and some are found even in the plaited membrane of the eyes of certain Birds. Others, however, appear to inhabit fresh and salt water. The most celebrated is D. hepatica; Fasciola hepatica, L.; Schreff., 1\lonog., copied Encyc., Vers, pl. lxxx, 1-11. It is very common in the hepa• tic vessels of Sheep, but is also found in those of various other Ruminantia, and of the Hog, Horse, and even of Man. Its form - is that of a small oval leaf, pointed posteriorly, with a narrowed portion anteriorly, at the end of which is the first sucker, which communicates with a sort of esophagus, from which arise canals that ramify throughout the body, conveying the bile on which this animal feeds. Behinq the sucker is a little retractile tenta· culum, which is the penis, and posterior to that, the second sucker; extremely flexuous vesiculre seminales fill up the centres of the leaf. The ovary, which is found in every individual, is set in the intervals of the intestines, and the ova isnue through a flexuous canal that opens exteriorly by a small hole by the side of the penis. These animals enjoy a mutual coitus. The species that infest Sheep become greatly multiplied when they graze in low and wet grounds, rendering them dropsical, and finally killing them(2). M. Rudolphi, under the name of EoHINOSTOMA, makes a division (1) Id., Hist., pars 11,9, and Syn., p. 127. (2) For the other species, see Uud., Hist., II, pnrs I, p. 357, and Syn., 92. For their organization, see Observationes .A.nat. de Distomate ltepatico et lanceolato of Ed. Mehlis, Gotting. 1 1825, in folio. 365 of those species which have a sli ht t b armed with hooks( 1 ). g u ercle or swelling, anteriorly PARENCHYMATA. HoLOSTOMA, Nitz. Where one half of the ,body is concave a altogether like a cup. Their or'fi ' nd so arr~nged as to act of Distoma. 1 ces appear to be stmilar to those They inhabit certain Birds. One species is found in the F ox. In PoLYSTOMA, Zed., Or rather Hexastoma the bod . d ed with six cups arr.ang' ed l·n ty ts epress~d, smooth, and furnish· . . a ransverse hne d h . margm. The mouth appears t b h ' ~n er t e postertor Th 0 e at t e opposite extremit ey have been found in the urinary bladder of Y·. ovary of Woman on the bra h" f . Frogs, m the h ' nc Ire o some Ftsh (2) . t e nasal cavity of certain Tortoises. es , and m CvcLocoTYLE, Otto. Where there are eight cups form· der the hind part of the body h~n~ .an almost complete circle, un-boscis anteriorly. ' w tc IS broad; there is a small pro· C. belone, Otto, Ac. Nat. Cur. XI art II . only species known. it · ' P ' pl. xh, f. 2. The of the Belone vulga;is. ts very small, and was taken on the back I hTavhee rnea mis eadn other subgenus that a pproxt. mates to Fasciola, which TRISTOMA, Cu v. . The body forms a broad and flat disk· o . mferior surface is a I 'l . ' n the posterwr part of its arge cart! agmous sucker which l.S 001 y COD• g~ The ge~us EoniNOBTOMA. of Blainville. p . Poly.& t. 'tnteol1 'errimum , Rud' I p1. V.t 1-6 gen H • ptngmcola,·-P. thynni, Laroche N I , us EXA.THIREDIA.I Trentler·- genus HEXA.COTTLB of Blainville p l ou:. Bull. de Sc.l May 1811, pl. iii £' 3 en Latterbode, No.6, and the B~~t. od. m~da81 Kuhl an~ Van Hasselt, AUg. Koust~ es c. Nat. de Feruss.l1824, vol. 11, P· 310. |