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Show 102 INSECTA. . . ontracted segments above, and the ovipositor lS c and resembles a sting( I). CHELONUS, Jur. 'se almos t similarly formed, art of the body, otherwl · W· her· e tlhaatet·d p superl'o rly(2). t•e 'th three teeth at the Wl • 1s marucu . re almost squa ' d by the proJeC-There, the mandibles 'add! and the others forme . · the m1 e, . extremity, one m rminal margm. tion of the angles of the te ALYSIA, Lat.(S) mw. e t h oro U:":> 'hly, various othe• r been able to exa d Nees d'Esenbeck, 1n vV~ hav~ ~~:h~~t by Messrs Graveuhor::~ consequently have not genet a esta Gen. et Fam. Ichneum:, lled .flnomalon by Ju. theii' Co?spect. r to s eak of them. 1 hat ca eral receptacle, where thought lt prope p d It is a sort of gen d cubital cell 'ne must be suppresse . s in which the secon . rhle h' as vlacec1 a 11 those .I chneuym aottne nti.O n to 0 ther organic differences. is wanting, without paylDg an . . . the GALLICOLJE, Diplolep~rtm, I n the second trib·e , 1 nervure m· the inferior wmgs.. Lat. we find but a smg e 11 or areolre, viz. two at thelr ' . t some ce s . ll . ""·" 1he superiOr presen h' h the inner one lS usua y m· h. l but of w lC d . base, the brae Ia s,. marked, another radial an triangu· com Plete and but shghtly b.i tals of w h1'c h the second, where lar and two or three cu ' 11 and the third very large, ' . 1 rv· ys very sma ' . there are three, IS a ,, a the >Osterior margin of the wmg. triangular, and closed ~~ thic~ness throughout, or gradual.ly The antennre are of eq . 1 b and consist of from thir· enlarge, but Wl·. t h. ou t (f4o)r mmTgh ea pc aulp i' are very long (5 ) . Th e teen to fifteen JOmts . ( ) Ib'd. Lat., Ibid. f N'es d'Ensenb. . 1 I . , Ib' d . and the Conspect., &c., o e t itself with the G:Ubcolti (2) Lat., • .. , his sub enus appears to connec. ( 3) Lat., I!Hd. T g s dentated on the inner s•de. mber in the here the ma~~ibgl:~ :~~: :~:~ythirteen in the female Ib~li<e;h~ef;::en~ynips, and (4) Accor m . the males; fourteen m female Figites, and fourteen m . ree of which fifteen in their mnles. . 11 have four joints, and the lab•als th , ( 5) The maxillary palp• usua y the last is rather the thickest. HYMENOPTERA. 103 ovipositor is convoluted spirally in the interior of the abdomen, and has its posterior extremity lodged in a groove of the venter. The Gallicolre form the genus CvNIPs, Lin. Geoffroy disting·uishes these Insects by the improper name of Diplolepis, and calls Cynips certain Insects of the following family comprised by Linnreus in his last division of the Ichneumons. These Insects seem to be hump-backed, having a small head and a thick and elevated thorax. Their abdomen is compt·essed, carinated or trenchant inferiorly, and truncated obliquely, or obtuse, at the extremity. That of the females contains an ovipositor which seems to consist of a single, long, and extremely slender or capillary thread convoluted spirally near the base or towards the origin of the venter, and of which the terminal portion is lodged under the anus between two elongated valvulre, each of which forms a semi-scabbud or sheath for it. The extremity of this ovipositor is grooved, and has lateral teeth resembling the barbs on the head of an arrow; with these the Insect widens the aperture it has effected in different parts of plants for the purpose of receiving its eggs. The juices of those plants are diffused in the wounded spots and form excrescences or tumours called galls. The one most commonly known, or the gall-nut, .flleppo gall, is employed with a solution of the sulphate of iron to produce a black dye. The fot·m and solidity of these protuberances vary according to the nature of the parts of the plants that have been wounded, such as the leaves, petioles, buds, bark, roots, &c. Most of them are spherical; some resemble fruits, such as the galles en pomme, galles er.. groseilles, gallea en pepin, galles en nijle, &c. Others are fibrous or hairy, like that called the bedeguar, mousse chevelue, &c., which is observed on the wild Rose-trees. Some of thell) resemble artichokes, others mush1·ooms, &c., &c. The eggs enclosed in these excrescences increase in size and consistence, and finally produce larvre destitute of feet, but frequently provided with mammillre in place of them. Sometimes they 1i ve there solitarily, and sometimes i~ society, feeding on their internal parietes without interfering with their development, and remaining ll.ve or six months in this condition. There also some undergo their metamorphosis, to effect which others issue forth and descend into the earth where they remain till their final change is completed. The round holes observed on the exterior of the gall intimates the |
