Animal Kingdom v.4

Page 182

338 ECHINODERMATA. NuoLEOLITES, Lam. •th the anus n ear the margin,. but above. The same cba:acters, Wl 1 fossi\(1)· Others again, The spectes known are al L -CoNuLus, Kl. GALERITES, am. h. h their body rises in a cone or semi· Have a flat base, fro~ '; lCh iddle of the base, and the anus The mouth 15 m t e m ellipsoid. near its margin. . h t ny strata but no living ones are They are very comm on m t e so ' known. ecies is the Ech. vulgaris, L.; Encyc., Tbe most common sp ) • Klein Fr. edit., VII, D. G.(2 , 153, 6, 7; f b ~ds in some is ttot quinary(3). The number o a SouTELLA, Lam. ·s betweeen t h emO uth and the margin, the s.h ell Where the anus 1 d tb and approaching to an orbtcu- extreme1 Y depressed, flat un ernea ' lar form. . . . thout any other openings than the e the shell IS enure Wl In som .. 1 • all the Echini( 4). series of pores vtstb e. lD 1 e orifices in others, but is bi.emar· The shell is also wtthout arg gina ted( 5). . . . . d traversed by large holes which do In some agam It ts ent~re an not penetrate into its cavtty( 6). . . S b III x 7· Encyc., 153, 21, 22;-Ech. 8cutifur· 153 19 20;-Ech. semtlunans, .. a ., , ' ' mis', Sci' ll., corp. Ma r., XI ' No '· u Sfi g1, 12•· -2E· ch. depresws, Walck., n, E , "u , 6, 7; Jtound species: E, Encyc., ~5 , Ki iiV L-0· Encyc., 153, 14, 17. Encyc., 152, 7, 8;-Ech. subu.cu ;· .,Klei; LI fi~., 1, 2; Encyc., 157, 5, 6. ( 1) Spatangus, depressus, Les e, ap. p • t . i LUI 361· En eye., 152, 5, 6. (2) Add Ech. albo-galerus, L.; Bourg'-, e r~:i Su;ple~. IX, d, 3, and IX, g, (3) Ech. quadrifasciatus, Walch., Mo~um:at' l .Walch., S~pplem., IX, g,4,6; 153 f. 10 11·-Ech. sexJaact us, 7-9; Encyc., • · ' ' Encyc., 153, f, 12 and 13. (4) Ech. Encyc. 146, 4, 5. 151 5 6.-Ech. ina-uritua, Seb., (S) Echin' us aurt.t us, S e b ., Ill' xv' 1 ' 2·' Encyc., ' ' ' III Xv 3 4· Encyc., 152, 1, 2. 149 1 2·-Ech. pentapurw. ' ' ' ' b III 7 8· Encyc. ' ' ' Eel (6) Echinus hexap01"U8, Se ., 'xv, .:_Ech. bif~, Encyc., 149, 7, 8;- · Kl ., F r. Ed ., XI ' C·' Encyc., 149, 3, 4, emarginatm, Encyc., 150, 1, 2. PEDICELLATA. 339 In others it is both traversed by these large holes, and emargi. nated( 1 ). Finally, in the RoTULA, Kl., part of the posterior margin is fes· tooned like a dentated wheel; the Rotulre are also divided into those which are traversed by large holes(2), and those in which they are wanting(3). C~ssmuLus, Lam. The Cassiduli are oval, with the anus situated above the margin as in the Nucleolites, but are distinguished by their incomplete bands of pores, that is they do not extend from one pole to the other in the figure of a star( 4 ). In other irregular Echini the mouth is not in the centre of their base, but on one side, opening transversely and placed obliquely; the anus is on the opposite side. They are also subdivided accord­ing to the extent of the r~nges of holes. Thus the ANANCHITEs, Lam.-GALLE.JE, KI.,-are nearly similar in form to the Galerites, and have their complete bands; they chiefly differ in the position of their mouth. They are all fossil. Such is the Echinus ovatus, L.; Cuv., et Brongn., Envir. de Par., 2d edit., f. V, 7, A, B, C, D. Very abundant in the chalk in the envil·ons of Paris( 5). The bands in some are quaternary(6). We might form a separate subgenus of certain species in which the four lateral bands are arranged by pairs, and do not meet at the same point(7). Sometimes these irregular Echini with a central mouth have bands of pores which do not extend as far as the mouth, but form a sort of rosette on their back, as in CLYPEASTER, Lam.-EoHINANTHus, Kl. Where the anus is near the margin, and the body is depressed, (1) Ech. tetrapo1"U8, Seb., XV, 5, 6; Encyc. 148. (2) Ech. decadactylus, Encyc., 150, 5-6;-Eclt. octodactylus, Ib., 3, 4. (3) Ech. orbiculus, Encyc., 151,1-4. (4) Cassidulus caribreorom, Lam., Encyc., 143, 8, 10;-Ech.lapis cancri, Kl., XLIX, 10, 11; Encyc., 143, 6, 7;-Ec/&. patellaris, Kl., LilT, 51 6, 7. (5) Ech. scutatus, Walch., Mon. Dil., II, E., i, 3, 4;-Ech. pustulo8'Us, Kl., XVI, A, B; Encyc. 154,16, 17;-Ech.papillosus, Kl., XVI, C, D; Encyc., 155, 2, 3. (6} Eclt. quadrirad-iatus, Kl., LIV, 1; Encyc., 155, 1. (7) Ech. bicordatus, Kl.;-Ech. ovalia, Kl., XLI, 5; Encyc., 159, 13, 14;--Ech. carinatus, KI., LI, 3, 4; Encyc. 158, l, 2.