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Show 64 INSECTA. b f . d that of the filaments of the tail.furnish The num er o wmgs an the means of dividing the genus of the Ephernerre. . E S d . Lat . E lontricauda, Oliv., Swamm., Btb. . wammer wna, ., · o- • N II ... 6 8 The largest species known; four wmgs; two at., 'Xlll, ' • f h b d 1 · h filaments to the tail twice or thrice the length o t e o y w uc is of a russet-yellow; eyes black. Holland and Germany, along the great rivers. . E. vulgata, L.; De Geer, Insect., II, xv, 9-15. Four wmgs; three filaments at the extremity of the abdomen; brown; a?do· men deep yellow, marked with triangular black spots; wm~s spotted with brown. . E. diptera, L. But two wings; the male w1th four compound eyes, two of wbich are larger than the others. and placed per-pendicularly like two columns( 1 ). FAMILY II. PLANIPENNES. This family, which, with the third, forms the greater part of the order of the Synistata of Fabricius, comprises those N europtera in which the antennre, always multiarticulated, are much longer than the head, without being subulate or styliform. Their mandibles are very distinct ; their inferior wings almost equal to the superior ones, and extended or sim· ply folded underneath at their anterior m~rgin. Their wings are almost always much reticulated and naked; their maxillary palpi are usually filiform or somewhat thicker at the extremity, shorter than the head, and composed of from four to five joints. I will divide this family into five sections, which, by reason of the habits of the Insects that compose them, form as manJ small sub-families. . 1. The PANORPATlE of Latreille, which have five join~ (1) For the other species, see Olivier, Encyc. Method.; Fabricius; Latreille, Hist. Gener. des Crust. et des Insect., t. XIII, p. 93; and Lat. Gen. Crust. et In· sect., Ill, p. 183. · NEUROPTERA. 65 to all the tarsi, and the anterior extremity of their head prolonged and narrowed in the form of a rostrum or proboscis. They constitute the genus PANORPA, Lin. Fab. Where the antennre are setaceous and inserted between the eyes; the clypeus is prolonged into a conical, corneous lamina, arched above to cover the mouth, and the mandibles, maxillre and labium are almost linear. They have from four to six short, filiform palpi; in those of the maxillre I could distinctly perceive but four joints. Their body is elongated, the head vertical, the first segment of the trunk usually very small, in the form of a collar, and the abdomen conical or almost cylindrical. There is much difference between the two sexes in several species. Their metamorphoses have not yet been observed. In some, and the greater number, the naked or exposed portion of the thorax is formed of two segments, the first of which is the smallest. Both sexes are winged, and the wings are longer than the abdomen, adapted for flight, oval or linear, but not narrowed towards the extremity or subulate. Such are those which compose the NEMOPTERA, Lat. Oliv. Where the superior wings are distant, almost oval, and very finely reticulated; the inferior ones are very long and linear; no simple eyes. The abdomen is nearly similar in. form in both sexes. They appear to have six palpi, and hitherto seem to have been only observed in the most southern parts of Europe, in Africa, and in the adjacent countries of Asia( 1 ). BrTT4ous, Lat. Where the four wings are equal and laid horizontally on the body. They are furnished with simple eyes; the abdomen is almost similar in both sexes, and the legs are very long; the tarsi are terminated by a single hook and are destitute of pellets(2) • (1) Lat., Gen. Crust. et Insect., JII, p. 186; Oliv., Encyc. Method., article Nerr:optere. Doctor Leach calls it Monopteryx; he has figured two species, lmi· tamca and africana, in his Zoological Miscellany, lxxxv. (2) Lat., Gen. Crust. et Insect. VoL. IV.-I r |