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Show ~ ~ - lNSECT A. . ce carrh h' h lou · the pte w lc ~ e arctlat e d' and finally 1T0 heu• · se xual orga.n s re· the twn nrst ar . silken brush. w accompamed by has neither palette not 1 f a reddish yello ' arts. 1f these horns, part y o me other p semble two . d en palette, and so dies instantly. a penis termma"btle pt·otru ded the Insec· t f 1 e females and la· 0 t :1 organs be forct Y bdominal cavtty . and poison sac. . f the a i testmes, The intertor 0 tomachs, the 11 erior base of the bourers pt•e sc'n ts two s e situate d a t the sup little trt.a ngul ar 1 large apertur d closed by a . A tolenb Y 1 labrum, an . 1 • u der t 1e the eptp arynx of Savtgny, t nrobosc1s, 0 by Reaumur, ophagus that tra- YP 11 d lanrrue slender es iece c.a et l e ah.1m::> en t and leads to a nd t h enc e passes to the , an-transmtts 1 • f the thorax, a . the honey. fhe h in tenor 0 h. ch con tams verses t e rather crop, w l contains the pollen . t mach or Reaumur, d tcrtor s 0 . tom' ac h ' a ccording to face mat· ked by annular an followwg 8 l'ke matter, a nd has its suf r l oops• ...,. ~his abdominal ca· or wax- 1 • the manner o 1 rugre, m • s composed of nu- 1 ge ovarte transverse 1 contains two ar ixteen to seventeen vity in the fe~a es h of which encloses from s ar which it dilates cuh eac h anus ne merous sac ' y terminates at t e d ' d receives a viscid Each ovar . rreste ' an h eggs. h where the egg lS a. 1 nd According tot e into a pouc .' h d by a. neighbourtn~ g a ·.-annuli of the abdo· humour fur01S e J the infenor seml h on fH ber un., ted have eac , observ;:~en:a~out~rs, \he first ahnd li:s~~~~pthe 'wax is secreted men o f two pouc es ut through their internal sur ace, . that afterwards ooze o . ar· lded into lammre, U d these pouches lS a p and mou . gs n er . h h a . 1 between the rm . 11 network, Wlt ex . the mterva s brane formecl of a ve_r~ sma embrane of the abdo· ticular mem 'tes to the hmng m 1 eshes, that unl . gona m . of the Bee, wlth minal cavity. th~ internal anatomy the Born· These observations on difications, will apply to . ts · f some f.ew mo · t the exper1men the exceptio~: called( 1 )- W a.x, accordlnh:n ~laborated honey, bif pt~~pse:~e naturalist, ~s notl~inlg ~o~:a~ substance only serves o . ed wlth a ltt e o and the pollen miX d heir larvre. k" f od for these Insects an t . ds of labourers or war mg _as~ Huber distinguishes twoll k~~rieres collect provisions and • • fi t which he ca s ' ' m loy the same. ~~~·:b. ~~~.r~;~~ hr·~:~;~·c:;c n~~::~~~=~~!: .~~ ':~:~~; ~.~ The second, ot t e d their funcuons ar f orme d for retirement. , an -----------------+--.- -· . . tbe Ann· . on this subJeCt m (l) 'fi. d this fact. See my Memoir 1 have also ver1 e , du Mus. d'Hist. Nat. HYMENOPTERA. 167 duced to the rearing of the young, and the internal economy of the hive. We have seen that the labourers or working bees resemble the females in several particulars. Certain curious experiments have proved that they are of one sex, and that they may become mothers, if, when in their· state of larvre and three days after they are hatched, they receive a peculiar kind of aliment or that which is given to the queen-larvre. But even then they can only acquire all the faculties of the latter by being placed in a larger cell or one similar to that of the larvre of the female p1·oper, the royal cell. If fed in this way in their own cell, they can only produce males, and differ from the females proper by being smaller. The labourers then are merely females whose ovaries have not been developed in consequence of the nature of the food given to them while in the state of larvre. The substance of which their combs are composed, being ill adapted to resist the effects of the weather, and as they do not const1·uct a nest or general envelope, these Insects can only establish their colonies in cavities where their work finds anatural shelter. The labourers, which are alone charged with the work, form those laminre composed of two opposing rows of hexagonal alveoli with a pyramidal base formed of three rhombs. These alveoli have received the name of cella, and each lamina that of comb. They are always perpendicular, parallel, fixed at top or by one of the edges, and separated by spaces which allow the Bees to pass between them. The cells are thus placed horizontally. Distinguished geometricians have demonstrated that their form is the most economical with respect to the expenditure of wax, and the most advantageous as to the extent of the space contained in each cell. Bees, however, know how to modify this form according to circumstances. They cut away and fit their faces piece by piece. These cells, with the exr.epti. on of that proper to the larva and nymph of the female, are almost equal; some contain the brood, and the remainder the honey and pollen of flowers. Some of. the cells containing honey are open, and the remainder, or those held in reserve, are sealed up with a flat or slightly convex lid. The royal cells, which vary in number from two to forty, are much larger, almost cylindrical, S'Omewhat nanower at the end, and ha\te little cavities on their external surface. They usually hang from the margin of the combs, in the manner of stalactites, so that the larvre contained in them are in a reversed position. Some of them weigh as much as one hundred and fifty of the ordinary |
