OCR Text |
Show 520 INDEX. Geology of Borneo, 350 of Madagascar, 1384. of Celebes, 422 of Now Zealand, 4.43 of Australia, 465 Geomalac11s maculosus, 338 Glacial climate not local, 112 'deposits of Scotland, 109 Glacial epoch, proofs of, 104 cfi'octs of on animal life, 113 alternations of climate during, 114 as causing migration and extinction, 119 causes of, 121 tho essentials to the production of, 130 probable date of the, 155 and the climax of continental development, 199 date of last, 225 Glacial phenomena in North America, 112 Glaciation was greatest whe1·e rainfall is now greatest, 184 Glaciation, summary of chief causes of, 189 in Northern Hemisphere, the only efficient cause of, 148 of New Zealand and South Africa, 157 local, due to high excentrioity, 199 widespread in recent times, 504 Gleichonia in Greenland, 179 Globigerina-ooze, analysis of, 89 in relation to chalk, 87 Globigerinoo, where found, 89, 90 Glyptostrobus, 179 Goats, destructiveness of, in St. Helena, 285 Godman, Mr., on birds reaching the Azo1·es, 242 Godcnia, 179 Great Britain and Japan, birds common to, 368 Greene, Dr. J. Reay, on chameleons in Bourbon and Mauritius, 406 Greenland, loss of sun-heat by clouds in, 141 an anomaly in the Northern IIemi-sphero, 149 Miocene flora of, 177 Cretaceous flora of, 179 flora of icc.surrounded rocks of, 4!)0 Grinnell Land, fossil flora of, 178 Guernsey, peculiar caddis-fly in, SS7 Gulick, Rev. J. T., on Achatinellinoo, 804 Gunther, Dr., on peculiar British fishes, 321 on lizards in the London Docks, 402 H. IIaast, Dr., on otter-like mammal in New Zealand, 446 on Kauri-tree in Cretaceous beds of New Zealand, 468 Habitability of globe due to disproportion of land and water, 201 Haplotho!'ax bu1·chellii, 288 Hartlaub, Dr., on'' Lemuria," 394, 409 Hattel'ia punctata, 454 Haughton, Professor, on heat carried by ocean-currents, 187 comparison of Miocene and existing climates, 190 on geological time, 204, 216 on thickness of sedimentary rocks, 212 Hawaiian fauna and flora, antiquity of, 809 lleat and cold, how dispersed or s~ored up, 128 Heat required to melt snow, 129 evolved by frozen water, its naturE> and effects, 140 Heat out o.IT by cloud and fogs, 140 Hector, Dr., on ancient 11om of Now Zealand, 467 on Triassic and Jurassic flora of Now Zealand, 494 !Iocr, Professor, on chalk sea in Central Europe, 91 HeUanthemu11~ b1·ewcri, 689 Heliodus, 68 Helix, 17 Hemiptera of St. Helena, 292 llepaticro, peculiar British, 64~ non-European genera of in Britain, 84.8 Hesperomys, 25 Hesperornis allied to ostriches, 41:i1 Iliemcium i1'icum, 889 High land essential to tho production of a glacial epoch, 180 Himalayan birds and insects in Celebes, 483 Hippopotamus in Yorkshire as provincr a mild climate, 115-117 ° IIirundo, 25 Hochstatter on tho aquatic mammal of Now Zealand, 446 Hooker, Sir Joseph, on tho Galapagos flora, 276 on affinities of St. llelona plants, 295 on the flora of Now Zealand, 457 on proportion of temperate and tropieal Au~:~tralian floras, 461 on current of vegetation from north to south, 478 on supposed occurrence of Australian plants in England in the Te1'tiary period, 486 IIumming-birds, restricted ranges of, 16 Hutton, Captain, on struthious birds of New Zealand, 449 Huxley, Professor, on geological time, 204 on 8 :ouropean origin of African animals, Hyalina Berntuden&is, 260 ciroontfi1'1nata, 260 discrepans, 260 llyomoschus, 27 llyracoidea, restricted range of, 29 I. Ice-action, what evidences of during tho Tertiary pe1·iod, 171 indications of ancient, 194 Ice-borne rocks, a test of a glacial epoch, 170 in Miocene of N. Italy, 171 in Eocene of Alps, 172 in Eocene of Carpathians and Apennines, 172 absence of, in English and N. American Tertiaries, 174 Ice-cap, why improbable or impossible, 156 Iceland, a continental island, 421 Ioteridoo, 40 Iguanidoo, 49 Indian birds in Formosa, 878 Indian ocean as a source of heat in Tcrtinry times, 186 Indian genera of plants in Australia, 462 Indicator, distribution of, 25 Insectivora in Madagascar, 389 Insects, dispersal of, 75 of the Miocene 11eriod, 75 restriction of tango of, 75 of the Azores, 244 of Bermuda, 260 INDEX. 521 Insects of tho Galapagos 278 of tho Sandwich Islt\~ds 605 peculiar British, 825 ' of Celebes, peculiarities of, 432 Insular faunas . summary of conclusions as to, 507, 510 Interglacial warm periods on tho continent and in North America, 117 Interglacial periods and their probable character, 147 Interglacial periods will not occur during an epoch of extreme glaciation 150 Interglacial climates never very w~rm 151 Irel~nd, poverty of, in reptiles 819 ' m plnnts, 820 ' ~relan<l, peculiar fi shes of, s:n. 823 Ireland, plants of not found in Great Britl\in, 840 Isla~ds, classification of, 234 un2~grtanco of, in study of distribution, I slands, remote, how stocked with l)lants and animals, 258 Islands submerged between Madagascar and India, 896 Isle of8~an, peculiarities of Lepidoptera of, Isle of Wight, peculiar beetle of 386 I~at!s tincto1·ict, on railway bank; 4.81 Itnhan sparrow, restricted range of 15 Ithaginis, 26 ' J. Jnpan birds in distant areas 870 Japan, zoological fentur('S of 365 mammalia of, 865 ' Lirds of, 868 birds peculiar to, 869 Japan and Formosa, SGS Java, fauna of, 856 Asiatic species in, 858 1)ast history of, 859 Java and Borneo, past changes of, 359 Jays, distribution of species of, 20 Jays of Europe and Japan, 65 Jofl'reys, Dr. Gwyn, on shallow-water mollusca in chalk, 90 on fossil shallow-water shells in deep water, 818 Jones, Mr., on red clay of Bermuda, 256 on migration of birds to Bermuda, 259 on vegetation of the Bermudas, 261 Juan Fernandez, flora and fauna of, 276 Judd, Prof. J. W., on absence of glaciation in east Europe, 185 on glaciation of the Alps produced by elevation, 178 Junipems bcwbadensis, 262 Jura, travelled blocks on, 107 Jurassic warm Arctic climate, 195 K. Keeling Islands, animals of, 274 Kirk, Mr. T , on temporary introduced plants, 483 Knowledge of various kinds required for study of geographical d.i.st.ribution, 7, 9 L. Lagopus &ooticus, 320 Land as a barrier to ocean-currents, 145 .. Land and sea, changes of, 81 how changes of affect climate, 143, 14! ' Land and wnter. disproportion of renders globe habitable, 201 Land-birds of Celebes, list of, 436 Land-connection, how far necessary to dispersal of mammals, 72 Land-shells, groat antiquity of, 76 universal distribution of, 77 causes favouring tho abundance of, 77 Land-shells of the Azores, 2<17 of Bermuda, 260 of the Galapagos, 27! of St. llclona, 29~ of tho Sandwich Islands, 303 of the Seychelles, 405 Laurus cana1·iensis, 251 Loguat on the Solitaire, 407 Lcgu~~~osre, abundance of in Australia, "Lomul'ia," a supposed submerged conti-nent, 894-399 Lemurs in Madagascar, 388 Leopard, enormous range of, 14 Lopidoptem, list of peculiar British, 827 Lepidoptera of tho Isle of Man, 3:Jl Lopidosiren, 62 Lepidosi1·en pa1·adoxa, and L. annectens, 67 Lcpidosternidro, 27 Limestone as indicating chango of son antl land, SS Limnrea involuta, 888 Linaria pu1-pu1·ea, on railway bank, 482 Liopelma hochstetteTi, 454 Liotrichidre, 29 List of the land-birds of Celebes, 426 Lizards of tho Galapagos, 269 local variation of colour of, 403 Lizard peculiar to the Mascarene Islands, 410 Lizards of New Zealand, 454 Lobcliacere, abundance of in tho Sandwich Islands, 808 Locality of a species, importance of, 12 Loddigesia ntimbil'i , rarity of, 16 L01·d, Mr., on species of Urotrichus, 866 Low-grade and high-grade heat, 140 Lowlands nowhere covered with perpetual snow, 131 Lundy Island, peculiar beetles of, 836 Lyell, Sir Charles, on permanence of conti-nents, 82 on calcareous mud, 88 on the distribution of chalk, 91 on geographical causes as modifying climate, 148 on estimate of geological time, 203 on 20 91assifloation of sedimentary rocks, Lynxes, 41 M. McLachlan, Mr., on peculiar British caddisflies, 827, SS7 Madagascar, physical features of, 88! former condition of, 886 biological features of, 888 mammalia of, 888 reptile!\ of, 889 relation of to Africa, 890 early history of, 891 • birds of in relation to "Lemuria," 8\14 conclusion on fauna and flo1·a of, 417 great antiquity of, 417 Madagascar and Africa, contrast of, 6 relations of, 890 |