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Show 1868.] MR. R. BROWN ON THE SEALS OF GREENLAND. 435 steel lances* ; but even then it is dangerous work, and not unfrequently brings the hunter to grief. I have been one of a party who have killed several in this manner, and have also seen them captured by the wild Eskimo at Pond's Bay, on the western shores of Davis's Strait, after the aboriginal fashion; but as this has been excellently described by Kanef and Hayes % in their different narratives, I will not trouble you with any details. The Swedish expedition to Spitzbergen §, and Lord Dufferin|| and Mr. Lamont1^, have given many particulars of its capture by the Spitzbergen hunters. Baron Wrangell** has supplied an account of its chase on different portions of the Siberian coasts; and Nilsson ft and KeilhauJJ complete the list of the principal writers regarding its hunting and commercial importance generally. As I can add nothing of any novelty to their descriptions, you will therefore allow me to refer to them for the particulars which otherwise might have been given under this paragraphic heading. (7) CYSTOPHORA CRISTATA (Erxleb.), Nilss. Phoca cristata, Erxleb. Phoca leonina, O. Fab. (non Linn.). Phoca mitrata, Milbert (Cuv.). Phoca leucopla, Thienem. Phoca cucullata, Bodd. Phoca dimidiata, Cretzsch. (fide Riipp.). Phoca isidorei, Less. Mirounga cristata, Gray. Cystophora cristata, Nilss. Cystophora borealis, Nilss. Stemmatopus cristatus, F. Cuv. Stemmatopus mitratus, Gray. Popular names.-" Bladdernose" or, shortly, " Bladder " (of northern sealers, Spitzbergen sea) ; Klappmysta (Swedish) ; Klakkekal, Kabbutskobbe (Northern Norse) ; Kiknebb (Finnish) ; Amor, Fatte- Nuorjo, and Oaado (Lapp); Klapmyds (Danish; hence Egede, Gronl. p. 46 : the word Klapmyssen, used by him on page 62 of the same work, Engl, trans., and supposed by some commentators to be another name, means only the Klapmyds, according to the Danish orthography); Klapmiltze (German ; hence Crantz, Gronl. i. p. 125 : I have also occasionally heard the English sealers call it by this * The ordinary rifle is of comparatively little use in hunting this Musket-balls will scarcely affect their pachydermatous side; and I have often seen leaden balls flattened on their skulls! I have more than once seen it snap a steel lance in two with its powerful molars. t Arctic Explorations. J ' The Open Polar Sea,' and * An Arctic Boat-voyage.' § Svenska Expeditionen til Spetsbergen ar 1861, &c.,pp. 168-182. || Letters from High Latitudes. % Seasons with the Sea-horses. ** Nordkiiste von Sibirien, ii. pp. 319, 320. ft Lib. cit. i. pp. 320-325. J J Reise i Ost- og Vest-Finnmarken &c. pp. 146-149. |