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Show A Difcourfe of Forett-Trees. Chap. XXX well foak’d, the chafi's fill'd with /punges diptin to it ; this,to be twice doneover : Some Carpenters make ufe of Sreafe and fawduf? mingled ; but the firftis fo good a way (fayes my Authour ) that I have feen Wind-fhock-timber fo exquifitely clofed, as not to be difcerned where the defeéts were : This mutt be us'd when the timber is green. 6. Wefpake before of Squaring, and Iwoul d now recommend the Quartering of fuch trees as will allow ufeful and competent Scantlings,to be ofmuch more durablenefle,an d effect for {trength, than where (ascuftome is, and for want of obfervation ) whole Beams and Timbers are apply’d in Ships or Houfés about them.upon falfe fuppofitions of {treng , with {lab and all th beyond thefe Quarters: For there isin all trees an evident Interflice or {eparation between the deart and the reft of the body, which renders it much more obnoxious to decay and mifcarry, ed, and converted as Ihave deferib'd than when they are treatit ; and it would likewife fave a wor'd of Adaterials in the Build ing of great Ships, where fo much excellent timber is hew'd away to fpoyl, were it more in practife. Finally, 7- I muft not omit to take notice of the coating of timber in Work, usd by the Hol/anders for the prefervation oftheir Gates , Port-cullis’s, Draw:bridges, Sluces , and other huge beams and Contignations of timber expos’d to the Suz, and perpetual injuries of the Weather, by a certain mixture of theyftrew {mall pieces of Cockle and Pitch and Tar, upon which powder, and mingled with Sea-fand other Jhells, beaten almoft to , {mall andfiefted , which incrufis or the Scales of Iron, beaten , and arms it after an incredible Manner againft all thefe aflaults this thould be deem’d more obno and foreign invaders : But if thar a Wath made of Alume, has xious to Fireing, | have heard wond theaflaults even -of that devourin erfully protected jt againft g Element, and that fo a wooden 4ower or Fort at the Pireum an Athenian Port , was defended Archelaus.a Commander of Méit by hridates 8. Timber that you have occafion , from the great Sylla, to lay in Agorter, or which is in any part contiguous to Lime, Jilsy and the extremities of Beam as Doors, Window-Cafes, Groundten Pitch, which will be a s, vc, thould be cap’d with molmarvellous preferver ofit fro m the burning, and deftructive effe cts of the Limes and in def e& of Pitch, Loam, or Clay will prov eatollerable defence, 9. For all ufes, that Timberi moft poxdrous, and which lyin s efteem‘d the beft, which is the g the Earth, or in the Water bein long, makes deepett impreffion in g floated ; alfo what is without yet firm, andfree from fap 5 Avots, whichis that fatty, whiter, and part, call’d bythe Antients Alburnum, which youare dili Softer hew aways bere weha gently to ve much and the @acddys xxx by both adoe about the Forulus of the Fir, Vitrivins and Theo phraftws, paile over, whichI You hal] perceive fome which hasa /piral convolution ofthe weivss butitis.a vice proceeding from the feve unfeafonable Winters, and rity of defect of good nutriment. 10. My Chap. XXXI. A Difcourfe of Foreft-Trees, 10. My Lord Bacon Exp. 658. recommends for tryal of a found or kuotty piece of Timber, to caule one to {peak atone of the Extreams to his Companion liftning at the other , for ifit be keotty the found fayes he, will com , e abrupt. 11. Moreover, it is expedient that you know which isthe Grai n, and which are the Veins in Timber ( whencethe term fiuviari arborem)) becaufe of f working againftic - Thofe largeft, and are fofter mg 5 that the Grain or PeHtinesfor the which runs in waves, and makes the dive rs fome woods aboundin to admirati and beautiful chamfers which on, The Grainof Beech runs be wreu y befitly enquir'd , whether of all the forts we have enumerated, the old, or the younger Treesdo yield the faire eft Colour, pleafant Grain and Glofe for Wainscot, Cabinets, Boxe s ; Gun-ftocks, Sc. and what kind of Pear and Plum-tree give the deepeft Red, and approaches neareft in beauty to Brafl : Tis affirm'd the O/d-oake, Old-Walnut, and ufess black, and thorny Plunz-tree Joung-Afh, are beft for molt is of the deepett Oriency 3 but whethert hefe belong to the Foreff,L am notyetfa fore have afligned them no Chapter apart. tisfied,and there- 13. I would alfo add fomethin g concerning what VVo0ds are obferved tobe moft fonorons for Mufical Lnfiruments : Weas yet detect few but the German Fir, whic Rimes of Viols, and the choicelt hisa fpecies of Adaple, for the and fineft grain’d Fir for the Bellyes : The finger- boards, Back ,and Ribbs, I have {een of Eugh , Pear-tree, ec, But Pipes, Reco rders, and wind-Inflruments , are made both ofhard, and foft wood s; fet-of Oakew-pipes, which were the 1 hadlately an Organ with a mott feet and ~el/ow that were ever heard ; It wa’ a very old Infi rument, and formerly , I think > belonging to the Duke of Norfolk, 14. For the place of growth, that Timb er is efteem’d belt which grows moft in the Svx, and ona dry and hale ground; for thofe trees which fuck, and drink little, are mott hard, robuft, and long: eft liv’d, inftances of Sobriety ; The Climate contributes muc h to its quality, and the Northern fitua quarters; foas that which gre tionis preferred tothe reft of the w in better than that ofthe Venetianfide Tufcany was of old thought ; and barrez, than the over much cult andtrees of the wilder hind, ivated, and great bearers : but of thisalready, 15. To omitnothing, duthours have fum'd upthe #atures oftines ber; asth e hardeft Ebex 'y Box, Larch, Lotu s. Terebinth Cornus,Eugh, ©c. whichare beft to receive politure ; and for this, Lin-feed , or the {weeter Nut-oyl does the efle d beft: Pliny gives us the Receipt, with a decoction of Vz ‘nutfbales, andcertain wild pears: Next to thefe, Oak for Ships, and Houfes ( or more minutely) the Ozfor the Keel, the Robur tor the Prow, VVal nut the Stern, Ela the Pumps Purnerus |. ¥.¢, 22. conceives the 4rkto have been buil t of fevetal woods; Cornel, Holly, &c, for Pins , Wedges, &c. Cheffuut,HornBb beam |