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Show TH Wi O ¢ UD\'iQ { I & dm h}ad i e sy 1. Er L olng o Sim eve lever d b foot141 fo PRINCIPLE O SCIENTIFI MANAGEMEN 3 alert and intelligent is for this very reason entirely unsuited to wha would, for him, be the grinding monotony of work of this character Therefore the workman who is best suited to handling pig-iron i unable to understand the real science of doing this class of work He is so stupid that the word ‘""‘percentage' has no meaning to him and he must consequently be trained by a man more intelligent tha himself into the habit of working in accordance with the laws of thi science before he can be successful The writer trusts that it is now clear that even in the case of th most elementary form of labor that is known, there is a science and that when the man best suited to this class of work has bee carefully selected, when the science of doing the work has bee developed, and when the carefully selected man has been traine to work i accordance with this science, the results obtained mus of necessity be overwhelmingly greater than those which are possibl under the plan of ‘"initiative and incentive. Let us, however, again turn to the case of these pig-iron handlers and see whether under the ordinary type of management it woul not have been possible to obtain practically the same results The writer has put the problem before many good managers, an asked them whether, under premium work, piece work, or any o the ordinary plans of management, they would be likely even t approximate 47 tons ! per man per day, and not a man has suggeste 1 Many people have questioned the accuracy of the statement that first-clas workmen can load 47% tons of pig-iron from the ground on to a car in a day For those who are skeptical, therefore, the following data relating to this wor are given First. That our experiments indicated the existence of the following law that a first-class laborer, suited to such work as handling pig-iron, could be unde load only 42 per cent. of the day and must be free from load 58 per cent. of th day Second. That a man in loading pig-iron from piles placed on the ground i an open field on to a car which stood on a track adjoining these piles, ought t handle (and that they did handle regularly) 473 long tons (2240 pounds per ton per day That the price paid for loading this pig-iron was 315 cents per ton, and tha the men working at it averaged $1.85 per day, whereas, in the past they ha been paid only $1.15 per day In addition to these facts, the following are given 473 long tons equal 106,400 pounds of pig-iron per day At 92 pounds per pig, equals 1156 pigs per day 42 per cent. of a day under load equals 600 minutes; multiplied by 0.42 equal 252 minutes under load 252 minutes divided by 1156 pigs equals 0.22 minutes per pig under load A pig-iron handler walks on the level at the rate of one foot in 0.006 minutes |