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Show TH 2 PRINCIPLE O SCIENTIFI MANAGEMEN the workiman, where in the past he chose his own work and traine himself as best he could Third. They heartily cooperate with the men so as to insure al of the work being done in accordance with the principles of th science which has been developed Fourth. There is an almost equal division of the work and th Th responsibility between the management and the workmen management take over all work for which they are better fitted tha the workman, while in the past almost all of the work and the greate part of the responsibility were thrown upon the men It is this combination of the initiative of the workmen, couple with the new types of work done by the management, that make scientific management so much more efficient than the old plan Three of these elements exist in many cases, under the management of ‘"initiative and incentive," in a small and rudimentary way but they are, under this management, of minor importance, wherea under scientific management they form the very essence of the whol system The fourth of these elements "A almost equal division of th responsibility between the managemen The philosophy o further explanation tive and incentive" makes it necessar almost the entire responsibility for th and the workmen," require the management of ‘"initiafor each workman to bea general plan as well as fo each detail of his work and in many cases for his implements as well In addition to this he must do all of the actual physical labor Th development of a science, on the other hand, involves the establishment of many rules, laws, and formul®, which replace the judgmen of the individual workman, and which can only be effectively use after having been systematically recorded, indexed, ete. Th practical use of scientific data also calls for a room in which to kee the books, records,® etc., and a desk for the planner to work at Thus all of the planning which under the old system was done b the workman, as a result of his personal experience, must of necessit under the new system be done by the management in accordanc with the laws of the science Because even if the workman wer well suited to the development and use of scientific data, it woul be physically impossible for him to work at his machine and at desk at the same time It is also clear that in most cases one typ of man is needed to plan ahead and an entlrely different type t execute the work ! For example, the records containing the data used under scientific management in an ordinary machine-shop fill thousands of pages |
