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Show TABLE 2.-Estimated industrial water use by major water-using industries, 1947 1 Value added by manufacture is not given on same basis as production and water consumption. * Based on United States Department of Agriculture figures for creamery butter, liquid milk, and cream sold in communities. No other milk prod- ucts subject to water consumption estimates. * Excluding fish. 4 Includes only water used in processing 14 fruits and vegetables for which consumption factors are available. This accounts for 177,321,000 cases. Total water used by this group is probably two or three times as high. ¦ Includes filling cans and pulling cores. * Includes refining only. Source: Sheppard T. Powell and Hilary E. Bacon, August 1950, Journal of the American Waterworks Association. Table 2, Estimated Industrial Water Use by of water consumed, a much smaller figure which Major Water Using Industries, 1947, indicates is not known. Eleven such industry groups are: the large use of water that is required in the manu- Gallons of water per facture of certain products. These requirements Industry. HyLlnufaSe do not in any way indicate the quantity of water steel_____________________________ 1400 that is consumed. Most of this water returns to PaPer PulP------------------------------------ 19J>2 .i r. ,. . Oil refining__________________________ 973 the rivers after use as cooling water, or as sewage, Paper and |oard____________________ 527 or industrial waste. Food canning, which prob- Beer_____________________________ 51 ably leaves the greatest percentage of water used w°o1 scouring-------------------------------- 49 . / , jii i_ c * jr Whiskey_________________________________________ 45 in its end product, leaves less than 6 percent of Soft dr/nks________________________ 15 the water it uses in the product. Woolen and worsted fabrics____________ 5. 4 The following figures indicate that in certain Tanning--------------------------------------- 4. 7 industries the quantity of water required for each ayon jn xi iiii r • r • i n Source: Sheppard T. Powell and Hilary E. Bacon, dollar of value added by manufacture is fairly well Journal of the A^erican Waterworks Association, August established, but does not represent the quantity 1950. 178 Production 1947 water use (estimated) "NTiirnhfir of Value nddfid hv Industry establish- manufacture ments $1,000 units Amount Unit G*StP6r ^^^ Steel (finished)... 419 2,659,250 61,857,241 Ton........... 65,000 4,020,721 Oilrefining_____ 437 1,494,474 1,887,890,000 Barrel_______ 770 1,452,675 Gasoline........ (i) 791,325,000____do_______ 357 791,325 Wood pulp: Sulfate_____ (i) 5,356,710 Ton_________ 64,000 342,829 Sulfite______ (i) 2,795,960 ____do_______ 60,000 167,758 Soda________ (i) 491,580 ____do_______ 85,000 41,784 Ground wood „ ______ (») 2,049,814 ____do_______ 5,000 10,249 Total....._. 226 415,938 _____________ Ton_______________________ 562,520 Paper_____ ___ (i) 10,646,833 Ton_________ 39,000 415,226 Paperboard_______ _______ (i) 9,186,810 ____do_______ 15,000 137,802 Total_____ 665 1,050,108 19,833,643 Ton____________......______ 553,028 Coke-......... 167 (') 79,146,000 ____do_______ 3,600 284,493 Beer___________ 440 808,940 88,027,000 Barrel_______ 470 41,373 Whiskey_______ ____....... . 226 472,357 246,443,000 Gallon_______ 80 21,155 Milk, cream, and butter» .. - (») 71,440,000,000 Pound_______ 0.11-0.25 14,286 Canning and preserving» 2,265 609,939 391,546,000 Case________ 7.5-250 <8,520 Manufactured ice » 3,423 226,584 36,100,000 Ton_________ 243.85 8,802 Soft drinks______ 5,618 421,000 927,700,000 Case________ 2.5 6,250 Woolens and worsted fabrics ... 495 599,534 464,563,000 Pound_______ 70 3,252 Wool scouring_______ 74 54,166 210,172,000 ____do_______ 1.26 2,648 Tanning........ 561 403,783 238,731,000 ___do.....___ 8 1,910 Soap........ 249 450,721 4,138,001,000 ___do_______ 0.25 1,034 Meat packing (hogs)__________ - .. 2,153 (») 51,678,047 Hogshead____ 11 568 Cane sugar*____ ...... 25 98,112 358,000 Ton........... 1,000 358 Eayon (all types) .... 38 447,900 746,900,000 Pound........ 0.16 119 |
