OCR Text |
Show There is now a general correlation between the proce- dure followed in stages of project development and in the phases of data collection. In programing the collection of basic data, the time element is of vital importance. Generally, the types of data relating to the physical features of project development such as topography and geology do not change; hence, these data are readily collected in an orderly procedure but collection should be started in sufficient time for their availability for project develop- ment. On the other hand, the elements of hydrologic and sedimentation data fluctuate so widely within a year and from year to year that records collected for short inter- vals are inadequate and often misleading. For that reason it is essential that a national network of stations for the collection of all such data be maintained continuously to sustain an inventory of the Nation's water resources and to facilitate general planning for project development. Basic socio-economic data must be collected, recorded, and interpreted in a similar way. The basic data-collecting agencies strive to serve in the best and most economical manner the information needs of the development agencies. Continuing operations of both groups require increased and closer cooperation. This should result in ever-increasing correlation between the stages in project development as followed by the devel- opment agencies and the phases into which data collection are divided. With this concept in mind, the general correlation re- ferred to is illustrated as follows: Stages in project development for- 1. Preliminary investigation. 2. Survey investigation. 3. Definite project investigation. 4. Flans and specifications. 5. Construction. 6. Operation and maintenance. Phases of data collection in- 1. Preliminary coverage. 2. General coverage. 3. Specific coverage. 4. Intensive coverage (if required). 5. Construction. 6. Operation. The above stages in project development are those employed generally by the resource development agencies, and the phases of data collection are geared to them. Due to the time element involved, the need for certain types of data must be anticipated considerably in advance of the specific stage of project development for which they are required. This is particularly true in the general coverage type of basic data required for the survey investi- gation stage of project development, as collection of basic data of this type requires considerable time and effort on the part of the basic data agencies. B. Stages in Project Development and Phases of Data Collection In general, the integration of stages of project develop- ment and phases of data collection are shown in the fol- lowing paragraphs. However, land use capabilities and land classification do not lend themselves to such treat- ment. Under certain conditions, special basic data are needed in order to classify land properly and to determine its potentialities. Land classification must proceed along with planning and project development. Preliminary Investigation and Preliminary Coverage The preliminary investigation stage consists of the assemblage of all existing and available resource data that are considered pertinent to the proposal under con- sideration. This may be a single project, a group of re- lated projects, or a program involving many projects or extending over an entire drainage basin. The informa- tion assembled is analyzed and studied to the extent con- sidered essential at this point in the proposal's develop- ment, and public hearings are usually held. The preliminary coverage phase of data collection is the assemblage of all available pertinent material. In addition to the immediate use of the data, preliminary coverage provides an inventory of existing facilities and points out the deficiencies and requirements in the event of further development. Survey Investigation and General Coverage If, from the previous stage, the proposal is judged to have sufficient merit, a survey investigation is made and a report is prepared. This stage is directly precedent to a justification for authorization. It should, therefore, be based upon sufficient information to establish clearly such justification. The general coverage phase of data collection is like- wise of paramount importance because data collected for this stage of project development forms the fact basis for authorization. The data may be considered as being in two categories: (1) physical data (including biological and chemical) and (2) socio-economic data. Physical data Hydrology: Precipitation. Evaporation. Surface water. Ground water. Quality of water. Sedimentation. Topography. Geology. Soils. Cadastral surveys. Vegetation. Fish and wildlife. Socio-economic data Over-all basic facts: Population. Income. Functional facts: Agriculture. Forestry. Fishing and trapping. Manufacturing. Mining. Recreation. Employment. Production. Transportation. Power. Flood damages. Water supply. Pollution. Fish and wildlife. Hydrology.-This phase of data collection for the vari- able hydrologic items requires a general and broad observa- tion program having an adequate length of record. At 331 |