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Show 4 3 2 THE HON. WALTER ROTHSCHILD ON [Dec. 13, Chimpanzees, but seeing that we are faced by two distinct problems, when trying to classify the large red apes of Borneo and Sumatra, I think the present arrangement clears up a few difficulties and is an advance on former classifications. The first of the above problems connected with the Orangs is, that throughout their entire range two forms are found living side by side which are extremely different in appearance. In one of these the adult males are very large and have huge callosities on each side of the face, in the other the adult males are smaller and have no sign of any face- (i. e. cheek-) callosities. There is considerable diversity Text-fig. 113. Head of Simia pi/gmaus Sclireber. (From life.) of opinion as to what is the correct position to assign to these two forms. Professor Matschie not only considers them to be distinct species, but even goes so far as to say they are distinct genera. I cannot at all agree to even considering them distinct species, but feel sure they are only dimorphic phases of one species. The second problem presented by the Orang-Outans is whether there are a number of different species or whether there is only one variable species consisting of a number of geographical races or subspecies. Professor Matschie inclines to the former view, while Dr. Selenka |