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Show 1 9 0 4 .] ANTHROPOID APES. 4 3 5 2. Pithecus satyrus batangtuensis.-Hair deep brown. Skull mikrencepbalic and micrognathous; cubic capacity 400-437 cb. cm. in cf 3 > 350-420 cb. cm. in £ $ . 3. P. satyrus dadappensis.-Hair dark reddish brown. Skull megalencephalic and macrognathous; cubic capacity in 3 6 470-534 cb. cm., in 5 $ 360-490 cb. cm. B. 3 3 without Cheek-callosities. 4. P. satyrus genepaiensis.-Hair deep reddish brown. Skull megalencephalic and macrognathous; cubic capacity in 3 3 390-435 cb. cm., in $ $ 360-410 cb. cm. 5. P. satyrus slcalauensis. - Hair dark brownish red. Skull megalencephalic and brachygnathous; cubic capacity in 3 3 440-500 cb. cm., in 5 $ 330-440 cb. cm. 6. P. satyrus tuaJcensis.-Hair stiff and coarse, rusty yellow to rust-red ; skin reddish ; shape clumsy and expression coarse. Skull mikrencepbalic and macrognathous. Malays call this form " Maias kesar," the " Coarse Orang," and this is the form almost always seen alive in Europe as it is hardier and travels better. S um a tr a . 7. Pithecus sumatranus deliensis.-Hair brownish to foxy red. Face black. Old males with large cheek-callosities, mesencephalic ; cubic capacity in 3 3 445-485 cb. cm., in 5 340 cb. cm. 8. P. sumatranus abongensis.-Hair deep brown. Old males without cheek-callosities. Except that Dr. Selenka entirely overlooked the fact that of the 8 forms recognised by him 5 had already been named and described, and that therefore only 3 of his names can stand, he was most accurate in his distinctions, which is not to be wondered at as he has over 300 skulls, about 100 complete skeletons, about 100 skins, and many embryos and young for comparison, an amount of material obtainable nowhere else in the world. In addition to these 8 forms Dr. Selenka described, tentatively, a ninth form without cheek-callosities as P. satyrus rantaiensis, which will probably prove to be one of Prof. Matschie's 3 additional species. The following table will explain the relationship of the various subspecies of Orang-Outan, so far as the present state of our knowledge enables me to judge. The table, however, requires considerable explanation, for although I have employed similar nomenclature in my entomological articles, it is something quite new when employed in connection with Vertebrata. As I have shown previously in this paper, the first name applied to the Orang-Outan after 1758, our nomenclatorial starting-point, was Simia pygmceus of Linnaeus, |