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Show 106 MR. R. LYDEKKER ON A [June 7, 10. The Ichang Tufted Deer. B y R . L y d e k k e r . [Received June 3, 1904.] (Text-figures 32 & 33.) [The complete account of the new species described in this communication appears here, but since the name and preliminary diagnosis were published in the ‘ Abstract,' the species is distinguished by the name being underlined.- E d it o e .] The genus Elaphodus has been hitherto known by two species-- the typical E. cephalophus and the perfectly distinct E. michianus, from the Ningpo district, province of Chekiang, on the east coast of China. I am now able to add a third. A few days ago Mr. A. E. Leatham called at the Natural History Museum, bringing with him for determination the skull and skin of a young male Tufted Deer (Elaphodus), shot by himself last January in the mountains near Ichang, province of Hupei, Central China. Ichang, it may be mentioned, is fully a thousand miles from Ningpo; and the deer killed by Mr. Leatham was shot high up in the mountains far away from water, whereas E. michianus is reported to inhabit the reed-brakes on the Ningpo rivers. On looking through the specimens in the British (Natural History) Museum, I found an adult male skin and skull of an Elaphodus from Ichang, collected by Mr. F. W. Styan in 1901 (B.M. No. 1.3.2.17). Externally, Mr. Leatham's specimen of the Ichang Tufted Deer differs from E. michianus by its decidedly darker and more uniform colour, which is blackish brown, passing almost into black on the limbs, while there is more white on the tail, of which only the basal two-thirds of the upper surface is dark, so that the whole of the tip is white. The skin of the adult male sent by Mr. Styan is browner, except down the middle of the back, but exhibits the same uniformity in general colour. How different these skins really are in colour from that of E. michianus, it is not easy to determine, seeing that the specimens of the latter in the Museum are more or less faded by exposure. On comparing the skull of Mr. Leatham's specimen, which is immature and retains the milk-molars, with a skull of a male E. michianus of nearly the same age, I find that the nasal bones are absolutely and proportionately shorter in the former, their length being 1-| inch against 21 inches. Moreover, their length is contained 3| times in the basicranial length, instead of less than 3 times. Another distinction is to be found in the form of the anterior upper milk-molar, which is much shorter (antero-posteriorly) in the Ichang than in the Ningpo skull ; and there also appear to be slight differences in the form of the upper molars. Both skulls, it may be observed, show no trace of the pedicles of the antlers, which must accordingly be very late in development. Equally noteworthy differences are presented when the adult |