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Show service was inaugurated. In that year Congress a propriated $20,000 for this purpose. These appro riations, which g ave been continued each year, have steadily incress$ until now the appropriation is about three and a half million dollars. The enrollment of pupils last year was nearly 29,000. The number of employees in Indian school work has increased since 1877 from 221 to almost 3,000. The number of schools has steadil increased, and larger and better buildin s enlarged facilities, an more modern equipment are being provi%e~. B The day schools are among the most interesting and valuable beoause of the instruction they give to parents as well as to children in civil-ized ways. Children attend school durin the day and return home at night. Better facilities for day-schoof work are required; larger buildings, and land for pasturage and gardening. Part of the day the boys work with the teacher on the garden or farm, while the girls are taught by the housekeeper washing, ironing, sewing, cooking, and hnusekee ing. At noon all sit down to a meal which the children have c o!io ed or assisted in cooking. In the reservation boarding schools, as in the day schools, the emphasis is placedu P on the home, the workshop, and the farm. The nonreserva- tion schoo s have employed the same methods, devoting half the day to work, and half to study. At the agencies where returned students live in the greatest numbers many of them occupy the positions of interpreter, clerk, farmer, and policeman, and many places in the agency shops are filled by boys who have learned more or less of a trade at school. The Indians now have under cultivation 25 per cent more land than in 1890 and twice as many acres are fenced. The number of families living on and cultivating farms has doubled, and they own more cattle and fewer worthless ponies. The number of Indians wearing citizen's dress wholly or in part increased between 1890 and 1902 from 118,196 to 143,974; the number that can speak English from 27,822 to 62,616, and the number of dwelling houses from 19,104 to 26,629. It is not too much to say that the abolition of the ration system, which has been so effectually brou bt about under your administra-tion and which in many inshnces %as had the effect of forcing the chilAren into school, has been made ssible through the ameliorating influence of the Government and cg on rch schools. The last twenty years has seen a progress far in excess of anything that preceded it. METHODS OF TEACHINU ENULI8E IN PINE BIWE DAY 8CHOOLS. I The first and most important step in Indian education is to teach the children to speak English. Vanous methods are used in the dif-ferent schools, but none has roved more successful than that ado ted b J. W. Lewis, of No. 27 5 ay School, Pine Ridge Agency,.a Full-b& od Stockbrid e Mr. Lewis has worked under the superv~siono f J. J. Duncan, wfd is day-school inspector of the 31 day schooh on the Pine Ridge Reservation, the largest number under one agency; and who has brou ht these day schools up to a high degree of e5ciency. Mr. Duncan speai s of Mr. Lewis's work as follows: |