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Show Appendix. Twenty years since, Oermnny exported almost all her wool, and imported nearly nll the cloth and the iron she consumed. Now she converts her food and hCl' wool into cloth, and the lab orers who cat food nud wear cloth convNt her fuel and her orcs into iron; the consequence of which is, that her own people arc so cheaply supplied that th ey compete with England for the supply of foreign markets. 'l'hnt country has, fortunately for it, no slave power-no men who buy and seii laborers- ancl all feel that it is for their interest to enhance the vnlue of the laborer.* 'l'hro 11 ghout Germany, there is a constant tendency towards nn extension of tho area of l•'recdom; whereas here, as the Charleston JVews informs us, the great question is, whether the area of Slavery sh;lll or s hall not be extended. In protected Austria, serfdom has lately been abolished; when'as our whole energies arc nt this moment directed towards preventing the enfranchisement of the laves of Cuba. I)rotcctcd ltussia has just diminish<'d by one third the labor r equired to be given to the own er of lnnd; whereas we arc <~nxious to enlarge the a rea of ' lavery by reintroducing it in the island of Hayti, as the means required for establishing, in its most perfect form, a republi can government. Freedom grows in those countries in whi ch the farm ers nr c: protected in thei r cfl'orts to drnw the mechanic to th eir s id e~, and it grows now/i {'rf' else j t and therefore it it~ thnt British free-trade is advocated by the men who purchase bon r, llJusclc, nnd sinew, in the form of laborers, a ncl hold in such disesteem the freemen of the North, who sell their own labor. It is said, howc\'er, that the outh is taxed for the maintcn nncc of these "hireling laborrrs" of the N orth. \Vc, on the co11tra ry, maintain that it is to the s kill and industry of the North that the .~outh is indebted for the maintenance of the price of cotton, and that, were they left to themschrcs, they would not obtain one half the price at which it JtOw is sold. l"u rther, we maintain that it is greatly to Northern ingenuity they nrc indebted for the rcd uc·tion in the price of cloth; and that, were they left to themselves, they would pay more for clothing their prope1·ty, while obtaining less for their products. It is the North that stands between them and ruin, In protecting themseh·cs for t he purpose of obtaini11g a great domestic market, the fanners of the Middle and Northern States 111ake no war against llatur<~ l obstacles. Their water-powers nrc as good as those of Europe, and the coal and iron ore, bjr which tiH'Y arc every where surrounded, arc as accessible as arc those of England; nncl the only diflicu lty they have to overcome is that of the time rcqnircd for the perfect establishment of a manufacture, by the proper education of those r equired to be cngnged in it. Skill in the production of iron or of cloth is not obtained in a day, but, when obtained, it is never lost, except where mills and furna ces arc every where clo~ed, as wa' the ca se, to so great an extent, under outhcrn policy, in 1836-40, and 18,18-52. In both these cases, the work-people who had acquired skill were scattered to the four winds of h cttven, and in both the work of instruction has required to be r cconuncnccd; and so will it ever * Ti'1tdgc: hut if hnsn mill power-jus t ns wo hnvo. t What ahout England, then, which i.s froor tltan any of thot>o countries? J . R. Appendix. be while the Houth shall continue to cxcrcisr its present control cn·rr all the> OJH'ra t ions of the go\'em mrn t. The fanners of the North 1\Jiow well that the nenrer the lll;t rl.c·t the greater is the \'a lue of their lauor and their land ; bllt whcn l' \'<'r tltry 1111- uertake to govern thcmseh·es, ancl cnclcan>r to bring the mnrkC'L to th t' ir doors, thry arc met with a rlemnnd to pay for more Slave territory, to be used in clcpri\·inf)' them of all power to nc.:t in accorclaJtc·c with tlwir o'' n Yirws of their tnt<' interests. They arc asked now to yiclclup Nl'hrnsl;a on 0 11 0 Rid e, and purchase Cuba on the other, and for what purpose? To ri vet th eir chuin 1:; by making eight, teu, or twelve more ~Ja ,·c YOt<':; in the Scnntc, that shall refuse them protection against n diflic11 lty that t<'nds stead ily to diminish, while the advoodtcs of ~laYery take for th l'll tsrl r c:; protection ngninst a natural obstacle that time can nc\'cr either din1ini~lt or destroy. Cuba and Brazil hnvc advantages for the growth of ~11gar th:tt arc e ntirely wan ting in Louisiana and T exas, the :)tales purchasrd hy the goYcmmrnt for the extension of the a rea of Slavery. f n tile cnH·, 1 he cane is required to be planted but once in fifteen or twenty }'l'a rs, ;tnd the planter makes his crop at any tiu1c that suits him; whc•rc·as in the t tht'l's it has to be pl antrcl annually, nncl lllll~t be cut before the fro:-. t; Hltcl .\ c•t the plantrr is well content with the protection against JJaturc th at he' 110w enjoys, while denying the propriety of any protection to the' J\' oth<'l' tt lnbor<' r, who wars n ot nga inst naturr, but only against those cl illicnlliP:-. lha t time must unqucstionaoly 1'(' 1110\'C . 'fh t' people of the North p;ty fou r rt·t•H millions annually for the same rptantity of sugar that they <~o1t!d h:1 \'t' irom Cuba and Brazil for tc•n; and this is !'('ally a tax tlpon tht'm, for th(•.r l'ttj1ly no arlvantagcs resulting from it, whereas the proplc of the ~ o uth pn•lit hy North<'rn protcr tion, in obtaining more for tiH'ir cotton anrl p :t) in.~ lt•ss than they would othC'rwisc do for thC'ir cloth and thc·ir iron.* Tn a 1\o1tht•t n Union there wonld be no clnty on suga r, ;mel the gain to the p<'npk o · the North from the abol it ion of this int <'rfc•rrncc with the trade "ith ('ub·, , Brazil, Hayti, Liberia, and othn sng-;t r-procln cing co untries, and the t'! ll\seqncnt rxtcusion of trade with them, would, as W<' hcli<'' e, he ful ly <·<pi;Ll to all the profits now resulting to the trade for whi<.:h tltc North is ind(·btt•d to the Union. That, however, is but a small por tion of the tax pnicl hy thr Free proplc of thr North for the maintenan ce and e:-..tension of ~lan•ry, and it is l111t a r,mnll pnrt of the cost from which they would be relicn'd by that scc·r·:-.ion which, according to the Charleston .Aft•n ·ury, woHicl constitutr "th<' r"'a l triumph of the Houth." Once r estored to the exercise of the righ~ to govern thl'mselYC's, their Ya.st treasures of fu el, nnd of copper, lC'ad.' :1.1ne, iron, :uHl other on·s would be deYelopecl, nnd the men en1ployp<l 111 the work \\'OtJld tht>rt furni sh a permanent market for food thrice f}I'Ntl f'r tlrrrH tllat fnmisliNI by all the mam!facturing conntrir•s in l~'uropr. ~l n rk L:11:c would tlwn cease to fix t he prices of our fanners, while \Vales and ~taf- *'I' hat ~-:flows tho nature of protection - it protrcts nul labor hut rapit.nl; ~1 111 lito millit~ns of rousumor~:~ hut tho hundreds of prodttcon;. ln othor wordo tt lllt~l.!l~.~~l' an anstocracy. |