OCR Text |
Show Appendix. less than seventeen nncl a half millions ; while 'the natural in crease, nnd n small immig ration, have p.robably carried the 11\llllbcr in the Houthern, one to nine millions. The total population of the U nion in 1810 was scarcely greater than is that of the ~tates which , in a :.;cct ional di\ ision, must constitute the North. It is charged that the North lives upon the South, that its pro:>pC'rity results from the vast trade furni shed by the South, aud that it coul<l uot prosper if separntcrl from the Bouth; and these nrc the c harges it is proposed now to examine. lf they nrc well fomHled, and if the North owes to its Southern connection all its "power and gai11 ," it may be well to tiUbmit to all the demands of the outh "rather than l'Cturn to th<'ir natural poverty and weakness by di ssolving the U nion i" but, before doing this, it would be well to be nssurcd that the fa cts nt'c l' C'ally !-10. \\rc ht' lievc they arc not, and nrc di sposed to think that our 1·caden; will, n.t the d ose of the examination, agree with us in this belief. The "gain" from a customer is dependent altog-eth er on his powrr to purchase; and this is, in its turn, dependent on his p ower to ~ell. T he man who sells his day's labor for a d ollar cannot be a cu:;tomer to the storekeeper to a g reater extent than a dollar per day. The farmer who has only 100 bushels of whra t to sell cannot purc hase more than the valur of those bushels. The planter who has but twenty bales of cotton to sell cannot purchase more goods than they will pay for. f)o is it with commuuttt es. Their powN to pmchasc is litllit rd l>y their power to sell. Such being the casr, it would l1ee tll to be ob\'ious tha t trade HlliOltg the people of the North must be of Ya stly grcatN extent than nm<,ng thost' of the South. Jn the la tte r, labor is Hot h eld in h onor among whit<' men, and slaves, as is well )mown, do but lilt\<.' \\ Ork. Under such circumstances, we ntight, we think. fairly rtssuntc that the rffici nry of Routhern labor was not more than half as much per head as that of Northern labor; and, if so, as the population of the Northern r-;ection is a ltnost double that of the OHlhcrn one, it woulU follow that the product ive power of tho North was fom timrs greater than that of the ~o u~h; nlld that it is not only ~o, uut that the difl'cre ncc is even g reater than this, can, as we think, readily be established. Commencing with the agric ultural vroductions, we oiTer our readers t he following facts deri,·cd from the census, begging them, once for all, to r emark that, in the 1-itatcme nts we s hall furnish, the di,·i sion between the North and 'outh will be m.a uc in conformity with that of States and p opulation given above: Nu1·t!lrru Stairs. oulltrrn • lairs. \-VItcat . bushels flnrloy and ryo 80 ,ooo ,ooo 20,000,000 OatH " 17,000,000 1,000,000 Jlul'lnvlteat " 10!'>,000,000 45,000,000 lndian corn . .. .... " 0,000,000 Pnratoes (white and sweet) " 2!)4,000,000 ~9 ,000,000 Ric e • . . • . • • . • " G2,000,000 1 2,000,00~ Cotton . tons 100,000 II ay .. .. . " 500,000 Hutter anu cheoso " 13,000,000 1,000,000 " 1 8~?,000 27,000 Appcncljx. Hemp Wool . Flax • T o hac co JJops . . . . JlocHwax and llont'y 1\Japlc Hllgar • Cano " • • • JH(liJtHROii • • • Orr l1ard and gnrdou prodttc ts Anirua iH Rlarr gh torod • • • Nortltrrn Sl~ttc.v. 101111 pounds IG,!'iOO 12,ooo,ono '1,000,000 :;:},0()() ,ooo •1,0()0.000 Jti,OOo,ooo :32,000,000 " " ,", ,", gallons ] ,000,000 .$ 1~,000,000 $G2,oou,ooo Sout!lrrn Stult'.,. 18,!iOO to,ooo,ooo 'I,OOO,tOII t w,ooo,ooo 700,0()[) 2,01111,01)(} 2 17,000,00() l'.!,ooo,o:ro $·!,0011,1!111) $17,000,01)(, An examination of the ubovc can ~cnrccly fail to satisfy ou r l'l':tckrs tl 1 : 1 t it is cxcccclingly inaccurate and unfaH>rablc to the North. Tltt' ('A() 'lrt of animal food from the region north and we::.t of the Ohio is twi t·<', if not thrice g reater than that from th!' n 'gion south and e:~:-~t of it; "ltik the quantity consttHH'tl in t it 'ortlt 111 \ti>t h!' !>ix tinH's g rt'att-r. 1-'nch is tltp cn.se, too, with orcharrl and ganh'n produce. A single cen t pPr day, ]l<'r head, cxpcn<lc11 by the people of NPw y,>rk, Brookl) n, a nd l'h ila<lt·lpl tia, would nruount to ovt'r fou r millions of clo tlars, or otle-tltinl of t h<' whole amount here set clown for a population of fifte <'n million:s of peop k . The cause of error a t tlH' North is, ns we t lt i11k, r('adily ~('('11 . \Vh<'n' thC'rt' arc thousands of small propr i<' tors, from <':tth of wholll a Htatrntt•nt iH to he obtained, t lw difTicttlty is far grra t l'r tlta n '' ht'n a ~inglP pcnw11 repn'S<'nts a family of Ollt', two, or tlt rct' hnP <lrP<l h ands, all of whose p roduds go into one comtllon trca~ury . Admitting, howt' \'t'r, tlw rt't ll rn s to I><' corn'c· t, we will tlow furni sh n comparatin~ \iC'w of the produc·ts of the two difl'l' r t·nt scrtions of the nion. T he Northern excess of hay ill 12 millions of ton~, :111cl th!' Sonth<'rn produet of cotton aut! rice l)l GOO,OOO tons, or onc-lll'l'lllit'th as ruuch in quantity. The average ,·alue of the latter cou>ntoditit•s being lt'tiS t hau twenty times the average of the fonncr, it follows that tht' hay more than countcrbalau ccs the cotton aud the rice. H emp, flax a nd corn , as the r eader sees, balance each other. L eaving these, then, out or view, we have the foll owiug cxccsi-ics: Nm·tll. Wltoat . Uyo a nd harley Oats . Jlrrckwltont GO,OOO,OOO 1 n,ooo,ooo (iO,OOO,OOO hush. ,", " " !J,OOO,OOO 50,000,000 1.).'),000 (Oil!l. :12,000,000 lhs. l:J,OOO,OOO '' Potato H • Jlut t<'r and drceso \Vool . . . . . Beeswax and hay Orcltarcl an<l ~ar-don products . $ 10,000,000 Animals !l lattg ht-crod . $U,OOO,OOO Vnluo, • $ 1!15,000,000 Tohnrro Hrr~nr . J\1 Ol (Ill SOH Value, Suuth. !1:1,000,000 lhs. 217,000,000 " I I ,000,000 gal. ----- $'1'2,000,000. The total value of the prin cipal products of Southern agriculture, for that year, is thus given in De Dow's Hevicw, 3d series, volume ii. p . Hl: |