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Show 318 HEXUAL SELECTION: MAN. 1'.\I!T,JJ. cannot be detected in the infantile sku1l.'1 In regard to colour, the new-born negro child is reddish nut-brown, which soon becomes slaty-grey; the black colour being fully developed within a year in the Sudan, but not nntil throe years in Egypt. The eyes of the negro nre at first blue, and the hair chesnut-brown rather than black, being curled only at the ends. The children of the Australians immediately after birth arc yellowishbrown, and become clark at a later age. Those of the Guaranys of Paraguay are whitish-yellow, but they acquire in the course of a few weeks the yellowishbrown tint of their parents. Similar observations have been made in other parts of America.5 I have specified the foregoing familiar differences between the male and female sex in mankind, because they are curiously the same as in the Quadrumana. "With these animals the female is mature at an earlier age than the male ; at least this is certainly the case with tho Oebus azarm.6 With most of the species the males arc larger and much stronger than the females, of which fact the gorilla offers a well-known instance. Even in so trifling a character as tho greater prominence of the superciliary ridge, tho males of certain monkeys differ from the females/ and agree in this respect with mankind. In the gorilla and certain other monkeys, the '1 Sclmaffhauscn, 'Anthropolog. Review,' ibid. p. 429. ~ Pruner-Boy, on negro inffmts, as quoted by Vogt, 'Lectures on 1\ian,' Eng. transl::tt. 1864, p. 189: for further facts on negro infants, us quoted from \Vioterbottom and Camper, sec Lawrence, 'Lectures on Physiology,' &c. 1822, p. 451. For tho infants of the Guaranys, see Rengger, 'Sii.ugotlJierc,' &c. s. 3. Sec also Goclron, 'De l'Espcce,' tom. ii. 185V, p. 253. For the Australians, Waitz, 'Introduct. to Anthropology,' Eng. translat. 1863, p. VV. 0 Rcnggcr, 'Saugethicrc,' &c. 1830, s. 49. 7 As in Macacus cynomolgus (Dosmarest, ' Mammalogie,' p. 65) and in llylobates agilis (Geoffroy St.-lliln.irc nncl F. Cuvicr, • Hi st. Nat. des 1\'[amm.' 1824, tom. i. p. 2). 1'11.\P. XIX. SEXUAL DIFFERENCES. 3lD cranium of the adult male presents a stro1lo·ly-markcd . ·agittal crest, which is a.b. ont in tho female t and Ecker found a trace of a similar differ nee between the t\\'O sexes in the Australians.8 vVith monkey.· when thoro is any difference in the voice, that of the male is tho more powerful. We have seen that certain male monke?' S, have a well-developed beard, which is quite deJiciCnt, or much less developed in the female. No instance is known of the board, whiskers, or moustache being !arger in a female than in the male monkey. Even 111 the colour of tho beard there is a curious parall~liHm between man and the Quadrumana, for when 111 mau the beard differs in colour from the hair of the head, as is often the case, it is, I believe invariably of a lighter tint, being often reddish. I have observed this fact in England, and Dr. Hooker, who attended to this little point for me in Russia, found no exception. to the rule. In Calcutta, Mr. J. Scott, of the Botamc Gardens, was so kind as to observe with care the many races of men to be seen there, as well a.~ i~ some other parts of India, namely, two races in Sdd1Im, the Bhotea.s, Hindoos, Burmese, and Chinese. Although most of the e races hnve very little hair on the face, yet he always found that when there was anv difference in colour between tho hair of the head and the beard, the latter was invariably of a lighter tint. Now with monkeys, as has already been stated, the beard frequently differs in a striking manner in colour from the ha~r of the head, .and in such cases it is invariably of a l:ghter hue, bemg often pure white, sometimes yellow or reddish. 9 s 'Anthropological Review,' Oct. 18u8, p. 35:1. • 0 1\'lr. Blyth in~orms me that ho lias never seen more tb,m one instauce ot ~he bonrcl, whiskers, &c., in a monkey becoming wliitc with old no-c as IS l:iO commonly the case with us. This, however, occurrctl in an a;<i |