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Show POWELL.] LINGUI8TIC FAMILIES. 45 abundant food supply; and furthermore, the population had nowhere augmented sufficiently, except possibly in California, to press upon the food supply. Third, although representing a small population, the numerous tribes had overspread North America and had possessed themselves of all the territory, which, in the case of a great majority of tribes, was owned in common by the tribe. Fourth, prior to the advent of the European, the tribes were probably nearly in a state of equilibrium, and were in the main sedentary, and those tribes which can be said with propriety to have been nomadic became so only after the advent of the European, and largely as the direct result of the acquisition of the horse and the introduction of firearms. Fifth, while agriculture was general among the tribes of the eastern United States, and while it was spreading among western tribes, its products were nowhere sufficient wholly to emancipate the Indian from the hunter state. LINGUISTIC FAMILIES. Within the area covered by the map there are recognized fifty-eight distinct linguistic families. These are enumerated in alphabetical order and each is accompanied by a table of the synonyms of the family name, together with a brief statement of the geographical area occupied by each family, so far as it is known. A list of the principal tribes of each family also is given. ADAIZAN FAMILY. = Adaize, Gallatin in Trans, and Coll. Am. Antiq. Soc., n, 116, 306, 1836. Latham in Proc. Philolog. Soc., Lond., n, 31- 59, 1846. Latham, Opuscula, 293,1860. Gallatin in Trans. Am. Eth. Soc., n, xcix, 1848. Gallatin in Schoolcraft Ind. Tribes, m, 402, 1853. Latham, Elements Comp. Phil., 477, 1862 ( referred to as one of the most isolated languages of N. A.). Keane, App. to Stanford's Comp. ( Cent, and So. Am.), 478, 1878 ( or Adees). = Adaizi, Prichard, Phys. Hist. Mankind, v, 406, 1847. = Adaise, Gallatin in Trans. Am. Eth. Soc., n, pt. 1, 77, 1848. = Adahi, Latham, Nat Hist. Man, 342,1850. Latham in Trans. Philolog. Soc., Lond., 108, 1856. Latham, Opuscula, 366,368,1860. Latham, Elements Comp., Phil., 473, 477, 1862 ( same as his Adaize above). = Adaes, Buschmann, Spuren der aztekischen Sprache, 424, 1859. = Adees, Keane, App. to Stanford's Comp. ( Cent, and So. Am.) 478, 1878 ( same as his Adaize). = Adai, Gatschet, Creek Mig. Leg., 41, 1884. Derivation: From a Caddo word hadai, sig. " brush wood." This family was based upon the language spoken by a single tribe who, according to Dr. Sibley, lived about the year 1800 near the old 4 |
