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Show 1 9 0 5 . ] ANATOMY OF THE LEATHERY TURTLE. 3 0 9 Extensor ilio-tibialis (text-fig. 67. 2).- Origin : outer surface of the head of the ilium, distal to the origin of the ilio-fibularis. Insertion : to the outer side of the knee-joint. Femoro-tibialis (extensor cruris) (text-figs. 65-67. 3).- Origin : from the anterior (extensor) surface of the proximal three-fourths of the shaft of the femur. Insertion: upon the head of the tibia. The proximal part of this muscle is divided into two heads by the insertion of the pubi-ischio-femoralis externus. I could not distinguish the separate parts (vastus externus and interims and crurseus) mentioned by Gadow. Ilio-fibularis (text-fig. 67. 4).-Origin : from the ventral part of the outer surface of the head of the ilium. Insertion : to the outer side of the fibula just above the ankle. Ilio-femoralis (text-fig. 67. 5).-Origin : from the anterior and outer surfaces of the ilium in posterior continuation of the origin of the pubo-ischio-femoralis interims, and also from the carapace (?) or vertebral column (?) just in front of the sacro-iliac articulation. This part of the muscle was damaged, so that its exact attachment is doubtful. Insertion : upon the outer side of the neck of the femur, in outward continuation of the insertion of the pubi-ischio-femoralis interims. Flexor tibialis internus (text-fig. 65. 9).- Origin : destroyed on both sides, probably from the vertebral column close behind the ilium. Insertion : to the inner side of the tibia, in common with the distal part of the pubi-tibialis. Flexor tibialis externus (text-fig. 65. 8).-Origin : destroyed, probably from the vertebral column in the neighbourhood of the origin of the flexor tibialis internus. Insertion: into the tegumentary fold between the tail and the heel, on a level with the ankle. Ischio-femoralis (text-figs. 65-67. 11).-Origin : from the deep surface of the posterior half of the raphe of origin of the pubi-tibialis, and from the ventral surface of the ischium. Insertion : upon the distal three-fourths of the posterior and inner surfaces of the femur. A separate portion of the Ischio-femoralis (text-fig. 65. 11 a).- Origin : from a median raphe behind the ischium, in common with the pubi-tibialis. Insertion : by a round tendon into the flexor surface of the capsule of the knee-joint. Pubi-tibialis (text-figs. 65 & 66. 12).-Origin: in a continuous line from the ventral surface of the lateral horn of the pubis posterior to the insertion of the rectus abdominis; from the margin of the pubo-epipubic notch ; by tendinous fibres from the epipubic part of the pubi-ischio-femoralis externus; from a median raphe extending back to the ischium ; from the ischial symphysis and from a short post-ischial median raphe. Insertion : upon the ventral and inner side of the tibia from the distal limit of the insertion of the ambiens half way along the shaft. The upper part of the insertion is attached to superficial fascia only. |