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Show a. 2 ‘ - ae . oe | ? A @ . THE SPANISH ARCHIVES OF NEW MEXICO Se te Aeelied . Le oye - ~¢ * ee Set ed Bee Doe Et . * a ty BS ae ee Be BR OE al e es"Bet Ef ee ee eea ee leee ee ae mi BA r% a ot ae o Pa o a beds a te es atieeek ee Be ; r ee ee ee 270 along with forty-six other Tehuas various murders, idolatry, for having THE SPANISH ARCHIVES committed and evil deeds, and at this time he was fleeing on account of other new crimes of this character. Being at this pueblo he plotted the general uprising and from that pueblo sent messengers to the other pueblos of the kingdom; for, even then, before that time, he was obeyed by the Indians. He had made the Indians believe that whatever the frayles and the governors ordered was for no other purpose than each day to increase their slavery; and they were afraid of believed that he held frequent and tion with the devil, and for all the harm he might wish. this All him, private because all communica- reason could do them of the pueblos agreed, except the Piros, for although the Queres of the pueblos of the Cieneguilla and the Tanos showed some opposition, when it came to the time of carrying the plot into effect, these followed the others. The day determined upon for attacking all of the convents and the houses of the Spaniards was the eighteenth of August; but this treason was discovered on the ninth, and it could not be avoided, for the Tanos of San Cristobal and Lazaro gave warning to the Father Custodio, who was then the Fray Juan Bernal, and he promptly sent it with a letter to gOvernor; likewise the Pecos revealed the conspiracy the to their minister, the Father Fray Fernando de Velasco, the same day sent word to the governor. these warnings, and another upon the who, on On account of same subject, received from the alealde of Taos, Marcos de Eras, the governor caused two Indians to be taken of the pueblo of Tesuque, who, on behalf of the Tehuas, had gone to assemble the said Tanos and the Queres. In this manner seeing that they were discovered, the Taos, Picuriés, and Tehuas, by order of the said Popé, broke out and attacked the convents and the houses of the Spaniards, everything with blood and fire, before morning on carrying the said tenth day of August. The remainder of the pueblos rallied, as soon as they knew this and did the same thing. They took the lives of eighteen friars, among them the father custodio and three lay-brothers, and three hundred and eighty Spaniards, including men, women, children, and servants, and some Spanish women whom they kept as captives. The remaining Spanish populatio n and a num- ber of friars, who did not perish, divided into two parties. In the pueblo of Isleta those who had lived at San Felipe and at points in the Rio Abajo assembled. On the four- teenth they started, fleeing for El Paso; for the rebels OF NEW MEXICO 271 spread word that the governor and all of those in the Villa [Santa Fe] were all dead. Those from the Cafiada congregated and fortified themselves in the house of the alcalde mayor defended of that jurisdiction. themselves Being only a few, they by keeping together until Otermin sent them aid, when they came to join themselves with those in the Villa. On the fifteenth Santa Fe was besieged on the south side, the mountains surround it elsewhere, by the Tanos Indians of San Marcos, Galisteo, the Queres of the Cienega San Cristobal, and and those of Pecos. They took possession of the houses of the Tlascala Indians, who lived in the ward ‘Analco’ and set fire to the chapel of San Miguel. ‘“The said Indians were five hundred men at arms: against them the Spaniards of the Villa charged and en- gaged in bloody battle which lasted more than six hours. Our men would have prevailed had not the Taos, Picuriés, These besieged the Villa on the north and Tehuas arrived. side and in numbers began to attack the royal houses where were gathered the women and children, as well as those those and of the Villa San from Marcos and from the In five Cafiada, together with those of the Tlascalans. days they gained and secured possession of the greater part of the Villa, burning some of the houses and establishing themselves and the in some convent others. and They left the set fire Spaniards to the with church no more ground than that occupied by the royal houses and the They cut off the water supply and reduced them plaza. The rebels now had nearly three to the last extremity. thousand men, and ours, including soldiers, citizens, and servants, did not count one hundred and fifty, on account of which they scarcely had the courage to take their arms in hand; but as the governor saw that there was no other way than to risk breaking through the besiegers, he placed in position the few soldiers which he had, with the three priests who labored hard enough to relieve them somewhat of that dismay and terror which possessed all of them. On the twentieth, with only one hundred men, the governor fell upon the enemy, invoking the sweet name of Mary. He slew more than three hundred of them, captured fortythree, whom he promptly shot in the plaza, took from them some arms and horses, and compelled them to raise the Of ours, only five perished siege and seek safety in flight. during the entire time of the siege, but many were wounded; and among them the governor with a musket ball in his chest and another wound on his forehead, though neith- |
