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Show ya i. Ret ee po te wt A! pote. OF NEW MEXICO THE SPANISH ARCHIVES OF N EW MEXICO 53 = THE SPANISH ARCHIVES 5 a died inde a ere on Vea Se pe Ce OM Wh IE YRS es Mle” Pa Ce i Pl CP Sel Cl GLP et oe ded er ~e . a eee) Me” Nat eS ae ttm ee pee a er ae er oe eee tA tied OP Pe had hate Sadia 7 thy ae ae f ta el pl Ye a ee et ee ee ee Far sire ad ptt ee ek) TSIETSNa = Roe oa el7s, oat Beer ae + ee at Nes ae ek ea aes at eee ed eck a Ty eR we we TO oe he le ie Te ay Sy Carer oar ders eet ; “lt f ye year ee * Ee th Ns at. we wi at oe rh ee V. R. F. Fr. Nicolas Lopez, who absolved the said apostates in order to enable them to make oath, and his Excellency, in faith thereof, administered the oath in due form of law, in the name of God our Lord, and the sign of the cross, to said Indian, Juan, who, under the charge thereof, promised to state the truth to the best of his knowledge and as he may be interrogated; and being informed of the contents of the case and asked the reasons and causes for the general uprising of all the Indians of the kingdom, their return to idolatry, abandoning the faith of God, losing obedience to his Majesty, burning images and temples and the other offenses committed by them, he said: ‘That what he knows regarding the interrogatory is, that all of them did not vol- ee eet oe et oe) oe ee) a a So Sek ed a : ee Ok ed eel # ae a ++ ee + b-baie” 6 a a ie e es hed ee o2 be. ee 2 a —— Se ae ee = FS Pale eeeee De Oe ae §2t24énet ee oe Be Be hl ek gk” eal Sal BS Bek beal Bell Bet aat esly haat wat sel * a ey rag He sk Bae ee) ee bee ries Hd : Soe , if untarily revolt; that the principal dian, a native of the pueblo of San : 0 oF San leader therein is an InJuan, named named Popé; and Juan, J on account of the fear of this said Indian, they had all entered into the conspiracy;’ and this he answered. Being asked the reason why they were in such fear of and obedience to said Indian Popé, whether on account of his being a person of high rank, or a good Christian, or a wizard, hesaid: ‘That the general talk among the natives, : ; at that time and at present, is that the said Indian Pope communicates with the devil, and on that account they were all afraid of him, obeying all of his commands, even though these were contrary to the orders of the governors, prelates and and the Spaniards, giving them to understand that friars, his word was above all of them; and that he so truth- fully deposes that it is notoriously known that the said qudian Pope, a with the dev ed, a is Own house, his son-in-law, named Nicolas Bua, governor of the pueblo of San Juan.’ And havin pheas socked the reason for the killing, the said: ‘In order that*he would not tell the Spaniar accomplish, and that at the conclusion of the uprising, the said Indian, Popé, after the governor and captain general , had been routed and had retired, in company with a native of the pueblo of Taos, the pueblos of the kingdom, named Jaca, went through all very joyfully notifying the people and giving them to understand that he had effected the uprising, because he desired it and for his pleasure all of what had happened had been executed, killing the friars , and driving out the living; and that he knew about the . revolt three days before it took place.’ ‘Being asked in what manner the said Indian, allied the people of the entire kingdom in obediencePopé, to him in the treason, he said: ‘That he obtained a cord, made of | palmilla, and tying three knots in it, which meant the number of days prior to the execution of the treason, he sent it to all of the pueblos as far as that of Isleta, leaving none in the entire kingdom except the nation of the Piros, and that the order given by the said Popé, when he sent the said cord, was executed in all secrecy, commanding that it be taken from pueblo to pueblo by the war captains; that this fact he learned after the kingdom had been depopulated,’ and this he answered. ‘‘Being asked what occurred when they found themselves without the friars and the Spaniards, he said: ‘That what he knows about the question is: that when the gov- ernor and captain general, the friars and the Spaniards had left, this affiant saw said Indian, with all the war captains and many Popé, other go in person, Indians, pro- claiming in the pueblos that the devil was very strong and much better than God, telling them-to-burn the images, temples, rosaries and crosses, and that all the people should forsake the names given them in holy baptism and take such names as they them in holy pleased, and to leave the wives given. en — matrimony~and take such others as. they pleased. and that in no manner should they ever pronounce the name of God, the Blessed Sacrament, the Blessed Vir- gin, or the Saints. imposing ereat punishment, particularly that of the lash. should they do so, telling them that what the devil commanded was better than that which was taught by the law of God; ordering also that the Spanish language should not be spoken in any pueblo, and to burn.all the ‘seeds which the Spaniards sowed, ordering the planting of — except corn and beans, the seeds of their; ancestors, estors, nothing and that all of the nations obeyed everything, except the ommand relative to the seeds of the Spaniards, as some Planted _hecause they had the Spaniards in their hearts: and this he answered. ‘Being asked whether they thought the Spaniards would hot return to the kingdom at any time, and whether they intended to ever live as their ancestors, and what were their plans and dispositions, and all that he knew touching this question, he said: ‘That many of them thought so; because some of them said that if any Spaniards should come they would fight them to the death; and others saide they would come and gain the kingdom anyhow, becaus they were sons of the soil and had been raised with the natives; and this he answered. ‘Being asked to state what Indians were those who said |
