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Show Female Breast Cancer (ICD-9 Codes: 174) (1996 Total Deaths from Female Breast Cancer = 190) The incidence rate for female breast cancer is increasing in Utah and the U.S. Between 1981 and 1993, Utah's incidence rate rose 38%. From 1981 to 1991, the U.S. rate increased 24%. Rates of incidence and deaths from female breast cancer are slightly lower for Utah than for the U.S., although the gap appears to be narrowing. In 1991, Utah rates for incidence and mortality had closed to within 92% of national rates. Mortality rates in Utah fell substantially between 1994 and 1995. This may be due to recent campaigns for mammography utilization and awareness. A high corresponding mammography rate appears in 1995. Although the causes of female breast cancer are not well understood, diet, genetics, and hormones may affect the risk. Early pregnancies may also reduce the risk of breast cancer. The higher fertility rate in Utah may help partially explain why Utah's breast cancer rates are below the national average. Important risk factors to keep in mind are: increasing age, early menarche, and late menopause, a personal or family history of breast cancer, and never having children, or having a first child late in life. As stated above, Utah has a relatively low rate of breast cancer incidence and mortality. However, in 1991 and 1992, Utah was below the national median in the percentage of women 18 and older who reported ever having a mammogram. Although the percentage increased in 1993, Utah still ranked below the national median. In 1994 and 1995 Utah's percentage matched the rate of the National Median State. Breast cancer death rates can be reduced by early detection through monthly self-examination and yearly mammogram. Figure 21 Table 32. Female Breast Cancer* Utah U.S. Utah U.S. Year Incidence Incidence Mortality Mortality 1981 74.5 88.7 24.9 26.6 1982 73.9 89.1 21.4 26.8 1983 84.2 93.1 22.2 26.7 1984 87.2 96.7 20.7 27.3 1985 86.2 103.6 20.7 27.5 1986 95.3 106.1 21.8 27.3 1987 96.2 112.4 23.1 27.1 1988 93.9 109.8 23.8 27.5 1989 90.7 105.7 23.4 27.5 1990 92.9 109.4 21.7 27.5 1991 101.2 110.2 24.8 27 1992 97.5 111.2 21.3 26.2 1993 102.9 108.3 21.5 25.9 1994 95.4 110.9 21.5 25.5 1995 95.2 111.3 17.6 25.2 ?Age-adjusted rates per 100,000 females. Table 32 and 33. Sources: US Mortality and Incidence: SEER Cancer Statistics [Online]. Available http://www/seer.ims.nci.nih. gov. Utah mortality: Utah Dept. Of Health. Action 2000. Utah Dept. of Heatlh, Bureau of Health Promotion. Table 33. Mammogram Rates** Utah 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 71 78 76 80 82 Median State 72 74 78 80 82 Range of States 60-84 57-82 68-86 70-87 72-90 ??Percentage of women 40 and older who report ever having had a mammogram. Female Breast Cancer Age-Adjusted Rates per 100,000 Females 120-i 100 - 80- 60- 40- 20- 0 • Utah Incidence U.S. Incidence ¦ Utah Mortality U.S. Mortality ah V V 90 |