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Show 134 PISCES. CHRYSOPHRIS, Cuv. d 1 n the sides of the J. aw, forming at least three rows Roun mo ars o . . h r On e· a few conical or blunt teeth m front. Two speCies on t e uppe , inhabit the European seas. Chr. auratus; Sparus aurata, L. BI., 266,( 1) and much better, Duham., Sect. IV, pl. 2. Four rows of teeth above; five below, one of which is oval and much larger than the others: a large and excellent fish called Chtysophris-golden eye-brow-by the ancients, on account of a crescent-shaped band of a golden hue which extends from one eye to the other. Chr. microdon, Cuv. Colours nearly the same as in the au· rata; smaller; the forehead more gibbous; only two rows of molars below, all of which are as broad as they are long, or broader; the large oval one is wanting.(2) PAGRUS Differs from Chrysophris in having but two rows of small rounded molar teeth in each jaw; the front teeth either resemble those of a card or are small and crowded. Pagr. vulgaris; Sparus pagrus, L. and Arted. Silvery, with a reddish gloss; no black spot. The Mediterranean.(3) The Indian Ocean and the coast of the United States produce some of these fishes, whose first dorsal spines are prolonged into filaments.( 4) Others taken at the Antilles are remarkable for the first interspi· nal of their anal fin, which is hollow and terminates en bee like a pen; the point of the natatory bladder runs into this kind of fun· nel. They are called Sardes a plumes.( 5) A more remarkable peculiarity is that of a Cape Pagrus, whose maxillaries are enlarged and as solid as stone. We call it Pagrus litho gnathus. (1) The teeth belong to another species, and those of the true Chr. aurata are figured pl. 74, as appertaining to the Anarrhichas. (2) Add: Sparus bufonites, Lacep., IV, xxvi, 2, the same as his Sp. perroqud, lb., 3; and perhaps as the Sp. hajfara, Forsk., 33;-Sp. sarba, Forsk., 22;-Chr. chrysargyra, Cuv., Chitchillee, Russel, 91;-Sp.ltasta, Bl., Schn., 275, or Sp.berdP, Forsk. 33;-Sp. calamara, Cuv., Russ. 92;-Scirena grandoculis, Forsk., 53;Chretodon bifasciatus, Forsk., which is also the Labre chapelet, Lac6p., lll, ill, 3, l1is Spare mylio, lb., XXVI, 2, and his Holocentre rabagi, IV, Suppl., 725, &c. (3) It is also the Sp. pagrus of Brunnich, but not th~t of Bloch; the latter baS not figured the true Pagrus, which is the Sp. argenteus of his posthumous "Sys· tern." (4) Sparus spinifer, Forsk.;-Sp. arg'IJrops, L., or Labrus versicolor, Mitch. (5) Pagr. calamus and Pagr. penna, Cuv. ACANTHOPTERYGII. 135 PAGELus, Cuv. Teeth very like those of the preceding genus; but the molars, also in two rows, are smaller; the front conical ones are slender and more numerous. A more elongated muzzle gives a very different physiognomy to this genus. Several species are found in the European seas. Pag. erythrinus; Sparus erythrinus, L.; BI. 27 4. A fine fish of a silver colour with a pale rose gloss; body high and compressed. Pag. centrodonttts; Sp. centrodont., Laroche; the Rousseau at ~arseilles; Besug? of the Spaniards; Ann. Mus. XIII, xxiii, 2. Silvery, glossed w1th rose; a large, irregular black spot on the shoulder.( 1) Pag. acarne, Cuv., the .llcarne; Ronde!., 511; Sparus berda of ~isso, b~t not of Forskhal. Smaller and more oblong; silvery, tmged w1th greenish towards the back; no black spot. Pag. bogaraveo; Sp. bogar., Gm.; Randel., 137. More oblong; muzzle more pointed; gilt tinged with violet; a black spot on the axilla. ~ag. morm_'!/_rus; Sp. mormyrus, L.; Ronde!., 153; Geoff., Eg. P01ss. pl. xvm, 3. Vertical black bands on a silver ground. In the second tribe there is but one genus, DENT Ex, Cuv. Char~cterized by conical teeth even on the sides of the jaws, generally m one range, some of the anterior of which are drawn out into large hooks. They would be rather closely allied to the genus Hre~ulon were it not that the indentation of the preoperculum is wantmg, and that they have one ray less in their branchire. The cheek is scaly. Two species are found in the Mediterranean. D. vulgaris; Sparus dentex, L.; Dentale of the Italians; Bl., 268. Silv~ry, shaded with bluish, towards the back; sometimes three feet m length.(2) D. macropthalmus; Sp. macropth., BI., 272. Red, with very l~rge eyes; much rarer than the preceding, and about half its SlZe. we d"1 st.m gu1. sh from the other species of Dentex, by the name ((1 2 )) It is the Sparus pagrus, Bl., pl. 262. . Sparu Add: D m hal . 11 • acrocep us, Cuv., or Labre macrocephale, Lacep., IIJ, xxv1, 1;- cynodon, Bl., 278;-Dentex hexodon, Quoy et Gaym. Voy. Freycin., 301. \ |