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Show 224 PISCES. flesh wh.i te; common in every brook whose waters are clear and rapsid p. unctatus, C uv.,. S · al•n inus ' Bl. 104, but not the alpinus of Lin.•; the Ca rpw· n e of the lakes of. L. omb.a rd. y? Dotted with r d l small black an d re d Points'· flesh dehc10us; It IS 1oun a 1r ound the Alps. d k s. marmora tu s, C u V · Irregular close brown .s pots an strea s, so m. termi·x e d as t o r esemble a kind of marbhn. g, &. c.; from .th e lakes of L om b ar d Y· Naturalists are more umted m separating the h f l · s. salv el m. us, L.., Meidinger' 19, under t e name o a'JIInus; Tru~·t e ro'uge; th e Charr of the English. Red s.p ots on the flan. k; orange a bd omen,• anal and pectorals red, their first ray th1ck and white. f l l' l . L • Bl 99 • Meidin. 22 under the name o save,. S. a 'Ptnus, · , ·' ' ' ' . ~ . nus. N ear1 y th e sam e colours'· but th.e first rays of the 1. Dier1or fins are not d.I S t'm gu1. s bed · This spec1es fills the moun tam lakes of Lapland, &c., and constitutes an invaluable supply of food to the inhabitants of that country during the summer. . There is another small trout found in E~ropean rivers, t~e Salmlet of the English; Saumoneau of the Rh_me; Penn: Ill. Brlt. Z 00 1. , pl. li·x' 1' which many consider a distmcjt' speci• es. Th' e . sh of the back and the white of the belly 10rm zlgzags, m greem b d r . fi h each of which is a red spot; it is a small, ut e lCious s .. S . um bl a, L . '• Bl ., 101 • Smaller scales and finer teeth thanfr em either of the others; the spots more strongly m~rked andf ~ quently wanting; flesh fatter and white, resembhng that o a Eel. The Umbla of the lake of Geneva is particularly cele· brated.(l) OsMERus, Artedi. Two ranges of separated teeth m. eac1 1 pa1 a t'm e, b u t only a few in front on the vomer· the general 1r 0rm 1• s t h at of a T 1· out' but there are only eight rays ' in the branchire. The body 1· s 1· mmac ulate ' and (1) Besides these Salmons and Trouts wh1. ch are 1~ ound m. Europe' sevhe r.a..l others have been described by Amer.tc an and Russ.ta n naturar I S ts' but they a•• ..• , not been sufficiently compared with the former, so t h at even Pallas express ... 1 their doubts with respect to some of h1. s spec1. es. W e WI'1 1 end eavour to setth et pUI'" synonymes .m our Ichthyology, but t h e extent o fth e d e t at'1 8 requisite fortd a 'be pose prevents us from attempting it here; we shall also m. th a t wo. rk d esucnt by several species from North America, some of which have been pomte 0 Mitchill, Lesueur, Rafinesque, Richardson, &c. MALACOPTI-~RYGli AlJDOl\UN ALES. 225 the ventrals correspond with the anterior edge of the fit·st dorsal. Taken in the ocean and at the mouths of large rivers. 0. eperlanus; Sal. eperlanus, L., Bl. 28, 2. (The Smelt.) The only species known; it is small, and ornamented with the most dazzling silvery and light green tints; an excellent fish. MALLOTus, Cuv. The cleft mouth of the p1·eceding, but very small and crowded teeth, only in the jaws, palate and tongue; eight branchial rays; the body elongated and covel'ed with small scales; the first dorsal and ventrals posterior to the middle; particularly distinguished by large round pectorals, which almost meet beneath. But a single species is known, Salmo groenlandicus, BI., 381; the Capelan, Duhamel, Sect. I, pl. xxvi; Clupea villosa, Gmel. A small fish employed as a bait in the Cod fisheries. The flank of the male during the spawning season is marked with a broad band furnished with long, narrow and raised scales, resembling hairs. THYMALLus, Cuv.(l) Structure of the jaw similar to that of a Trout; the mouth, however, is but slightly cleft, and the teeth are extremely fine; first dorsal long and elevated; it has larger scales, which also serve as a mark of distinction from the Trout, which this fish resembles in habits and delicacy of flesh. The stomach is a very thick sac; seven or eight rays in the branchire. T. vulgaris; Salmo thymallus, L., Bl. 24. (The Grayling.) First dorsal as high as the body, and twice as long as it is high, spotted with black and sometimes with red; brownish, longitudinally streaked with blackish; a good fish.(2) CoREGoNus, Cu v. 'fhe mouth as in the preceding subgenera, and more feebly armed, as it is frequently edentated; scales still larger; length of the dorsal less than the height of its anterior portion. Several very similar species are found in Europe; one of them, however, C. oxyrhynchus; Salmo oxyrhynchus, L.; BI., 25, under the false name of Lavaret; the Houting of the Belgians, is easily (I) Artedi comprehended both the Hymalli and Coregoni in his genus CoRE& Olfus. 1 ( 2 ) Add, Coregonus signifer, Richardson I Voy. Capt. Franklin, p. 26;-Car. lt'!JTnalloi'dea, Id. ' , VoL. II.-2 D \ |