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Show 80 REPTILIA. CERATorHn.xs, Boie. Frogs with a broad head; skin granula:e, either ';'holly or in parl; a membranous prominence to each eye-hd resembling a horn.(l) In some the tympanum is concealed under the skin.(2) They are all from South America. Southern Africa produces Batrachians resembling Frogs in their teeth and smooth skin; their toe! are pointed, the hind ones broadly palmated, and the extremities of the three internal ones enveloped in a black, conical, horny nail; their head is small and their mouth moderate; the tongue, attached to the lower part of the gullet, is oblong, fleshy and very large; their tympanum is not visible. These numerous characters have induced us to form a genus for them by the name of DACTYLETHRA.(3) HYLA, Laur.-CALAMITA, Schn. and Merr. Tree·Frogs only differ from Frogs in the extremities of their toes, each of which is expanded into a rounded viscous pellet, that ehables them to adhere• to the surface of bodies and to climb trees, where in fact they remain all summer living upon insects. They spawn, however, in water, and enter the mud in winter like other Frogs. There is a pouch under the throat of the male, which dilates when-ever he cries. • Rana arborea, L.; Rres., Ran. pl. ix, x, xi. (The Common Tree-Frog.) Green above, pale beneath; a black and yellow Spix, 1;-R. pachypus, Id. Il;-R. coriacea, Id. V, 2;-R. sibilatrix, Pr. :Max.; -R. maculata, Daud., XVII, 2;-R. rubella, lb. 1;-R. typlwnia, lb. 4, which is not, as Merrem thinks, the mrginica, Gm. ;-R. punctata, lb. XVI, 1;-R. mystacea, Spix, III, 2-3;-R. militaris and R. pygmrea, Id. VI;-R. labyrinthica, Jd. VII. [Add R. fontanalis, L. C.;-R. palustris, ld.;-R. sylvatica, Id.;-R. pumila, Id.;-R. gryllu8, Jd.;-R. nigrita, Id., Ann. of the Lyceum. JJ.m. Ed.] (1) Ceratophris varius, D, or Rana wrnuta, Seb. I, lxxii, 1-2; Tiles., Mag. de Berl., 1809, 2d Trim. pl. iii, and Krusenst. Voy. pl. vi, or Ceratophris dorsata, Pr. Max. 2me livr.;-Cerat. Spixii, Cuv. orR. megast&ma, Spix, IV, 1;-R. scutata, lb. 2;-Cerat. Daudini, Cuv., Daud. xxxviii;-Cerat. clypeata, Cuv. (2) Ceratophris granosa, Cuv., one of those Frogs with a concealed tympanum, of which Gravenhorst has made his genus SToMnus; but they have teeth like the others, and should not be approximated to the Toads, where Fitzinger has placed them. p (3) From Ja.~~.1u-,..n6ga. (thimble): such is the form of their s. The Crapaud lisse, Daud. pl. :xxx, f. 1, is a bad figure, the hind feet being wrong; it forms the Pipa kvis, Merr. The Pipa bufonia, Merr. or male Pipa, En), No. 21, f. 2, is also the same species, but drawn without ofMerrem constitute the ENGYSTOMA of Fitzinger, but the Breviceps, Merr. have neither teeth nor nails. BATRACHIA. •81 line along each side of the body. The~ are adult in four years, ~nd couple towa:d~ the end of April. The tadpole completes 1ts metamorphosis m the month of August. The Hyl~ foreign to Europe are numerous, and some of them beautiful. One of the largest and handsomest is H. bicolor, Daud., VIII; and Spix, XIII. Sky-blue above, rose-colour beneath. From South America. A still larger species, H. palmata, Daud. XX; Rana maxima, L., is transversely and irregularly striped with red and fawn-colour. From North America.( 1) On. account of th: sing~lar property attributed to it we may mentiOn the Rana t~nctorw, L. It is said that if some of the feathers of a Parrot be plucked out and the skin be imbued · th the blood of this animal, it causes a reproduction of red or~~llow feathers, and forms that peculiar appearance which is termed by the French tapir~. Vve are assured it is a brown species, with two whitish bands transversely united in two places (Daud. pl. viii); the toes of the hind feet are almost free.(2) Bu1w, Laur. ~·oads have ~ thick, bulky body covered with warts or papillre; ~ th.tck lump b:lund the ears pierced with pores, from which issues a milky and feud humou.r; no teeth; the hind feet but slightly elon· g~ted. They l~ap b~dly, a~d generally avoid the water. They are h1de?us and d1sgustmg ammals, whose bite, saliva, urine, &c., are constdered, though et·roneously, as poisonous. . Rana bufo, L.; Rres. Ran. XX. (The Common Toad.) Reddtsh- grey, or grey-brown; sometimes olive or blackish· the back covere d w.t th rounded tubercles as large as lentils; sm' alle1• and (l) Add, of palmated species, Hyl. venulosa, Daud., XIX, or Cal. boans Merr Seb ., I ' 1x x..u ;-H.· tt'b t·e en, S· eb. lb. 1, 2, 3;-H. marmorata Seb. I lxxi' 4 5 • Daud · XVIII., -H.· l at e ra zt·s , Catesb. II, lxx1·, Daud., ll;-H. bi'l ineata, ,D aud.' 11'1 ;'- R.verrucosa,·-H. oculata;-H. frontalis, Id. and in Spix· Hyl. bufonia Xll·-R ~gr_a.fica, XI, 1;-H. albomarginata, VIII, 2;-H. papilla'm, 2;-H. pa;dalis: 3;_:_ . cmerascens, 4;-H. ajfinis, VII, 3. 1J~ Aud o~ species whose hind to~s. are but slightly palmate, H. femoralis, Daud. [Ad H. sq~trella, Daud. V ;-H. tnvtttata, &.c. Spix, IX;-.H. abbreviata, Id. XI, 4. T~n.;elttescens, L. C. and H. versirolor, Id. loc. cit. .11m. Ed.] ~ e yla cyanea, Daud. of New Holland, according to White p. 248 has but •~O ur toes. be. bi nd • and M· F1' tz.m ger, who appears to have seen it, h' as conse' quently eoxram ed at mto his g C 1 . . . enus ~LAMITA. We have one from the same country, and ct Y samalar, which certaanly has five. VoL. II.-L \ |