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Show 202 PISCES. LABEo, Cuv. A long dorsal, as in the Carp properl~ so called, but neither . or cirri. remarkably thick, fleshy hps, frequently crenated spmes n ' · They are all foreign to Europe.( 1) CATOsToMus, Lesueur. The same thick, pendent and fringed, or crenated lips as in La· beo; but the dorsal is short, like that of a L~uciscus, and is oppo· site to and above the ventrals. From the r1vers of North Arne· rica. (2) LEuoxsous, Klein. The dorsal and anal short; neither spines nor cirri; nothing par· ticular about the lips. This subdivision is rich in species, but they are not much esteemed. They are known in different parts of France by the various and rather indistinct appellation of Meunier, Che· vaune, Gardon, &c.(3) We distinguish them by the position of the dorsal, a character however which is not always sufficiently well marked. In some it is opposite to the ventrals. Of this gr~up we find in France, L. dobula; Cyp. dobula, L., Bl., 5; Le Meunier. The head broad, and snout round; pectorals and ventrals, red. L. idus; C. idus; Le Gardon, Bl., 6, and better Meidinger, 36. About the same colours; the head narrower, back higher, and snout more convex. L. rutilus; Cyp. rutilus, L.; La Rosse, Bl., 2. Body com· pressed, silvery; red fins. L. vulgaris; Cyp. leucis'cus; La Jlandoisq, Bl., 97, f. \. Body straight; fins pale; snout slightly prominent. The L. nasus; Cyp. nasus, L.; . Le Nez, is taken in the Rhine; its snout is more salient and obtuse than that of the Leuciscus.(4) ( 1) C. niloticus, Geoff., Po iss. du Nil, pl. ix, f. 2 ;-C. jimbriatus, Bl., 409, to which must be added the Catostomus cyprinus, Lesueur. . (2) M. Lesueur describes seventeen species, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sc. ofPhilad., 1817, vol. I, p. 88 et seq. and figures nine of them; the first, however, Cal. cyprinus, must be abstt·acted, as it is rather a Labeo. Add Cypr. teres, Mitch., op. cit., I, vi, 11, and the Cyprin sucet, Lacep., V, x.v, 2. [These fishes are the Suck· ers of the United States. .11m. Ed.) (3) Bloch and his successors have not adhered to the customary application of these French names, which they have distributed almost at random.· (4) Add; C. grislagine,·-C.jeses, nnd of foreign species, C. pala,.~uv., ~~~·. 207;-C. tolo, Cuv., ltuss., 208;-C. boga, Buch. Pisc. Gang., pl. xxvlll, f, 80, MALACOPTERYGII ABDOMINALES. 203 In others, the dorsal is placed opposite the interval between the ventrals and the anal. Of this group are found in France, L. erythroplttalmus; Le Rotengle; BI., 1. Fins red as in the Rutilus; the body thicker and more elevated. L. alburnus; Gyp. alburnus, L.; L' .Ji.blette; Bl., 8, f. 4. Body narrow, silvery, brilliant; fins pale; front straight; the lower jaw somewhat longer; very abundant throughout Europe. It is one of those fishes from which nacre is obtained for the manufactur ·e of false peal'ls. L. bipunctatus; Gyp. bipunctatus, L.; Bl., 8, f. 1. Very similar to the alburnus; two black points on each scale of the lateral line. L. phoxinus; Gyp. phoxinus, L.; Bl. 8, f. 5. Spotted with blacki!>h; the smallest of the French species. L orplms; 0. orphus; Bl., 95. A fine minium red; from the ri\'ers of Germany and Holland.(l) There are some again where it is opposite to the commencement of the anal-the CHELlE of Buchanan; in several of these the body is compressed almost as in certain Clupere. Such is L. cultratus; Gyp. cultratus, L.; Bl., 37. Also remarkable for its lower jaw, which ascends in front of the upper one, for its large falciform pectorals, &c.(2) Species with cirri are found in this group.(S) We may separate from all other Cyprini, the GoNORHYNOHus, Gronov. Where the body and head are elongated, and, together with the operculum and even the branchiostegal membrane, are covered with small scales; the snout projects before a small mouth without teeth and without cirri; there are three rays in the branchia:, and a small dorsal is inserted above the ventrals. mola, lb., XIX, f. 86;-C. soplwre, Ib., XXXVIII, f. 92;-C. ariza, Id., Trav. in the Mysore, III, xxxi. The difficulty of recognizing the figures given by authors of species so similar, is increased from the circumstance that many species are found in the rivers of Europe which have never been figured. (1) Add the C. aspius, Bl., and of species foreign to Europe; Oyp. basbora, Buch., Pisc., Gang., 11, f. 90;-C. morar, lb., XXXI, f. 75, and a vast number from the rivers of all parts of the globe, several of which have already been indicated by M:. Mitchil and Buchanan; some others will be described in our lcthyology. M. Ducbanan alone found eighty Cyprini in India. We have only cited here the two he bas figured. (2) Add, Gyp. elu.peoi'du, Bl., 408, 2;-C. bacaila, Buch., VIII, 76. (3) Cypr. dantica, Id., XVI, 88. \ |