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Show 240 PISCES. But a single species is known; it is of a silver colour and in. habits the Indian Ocean.(l) H YO DON, Lesueur. The form of a Herring; abdomen trenchant but not dentated; the dorsal opposite to the anal; eight or nine rays in the branchire and hooked teeth in the jaws, vomer, palatines and tongue, as in the Trouts. The species known inhabit the fresh waters of N ot·th Ame-rica.( 2) EnYTIIRINus, Gronov. The fishes of this genus, like all the rest of the family, have small intermaxillaries, and a great portion of the sides of the upper jaw formed by the maxillaries; a range of conical teeth occupies the edges of each jaw, among the anterior of which are some larger than the others. Each of the palatines is provided with a plate of small and crowded teeth, and there are but five broad rays in the bran· chire. The head is round, obtuse, furnished with hard bones, aud without scales. Indurated suborbitals cover the whole cheek. The body is oblong, slightly compressed, and covered with broad scales like that of the Carp; the dorsal is opposite to the ventrals; the sto· mach is a wide sac, and there are numerous small creca. The natatory bladder is very large. They inhabit the rivers of hot climates, and their flesh is of an agreeable flavour.(3) bonuk? Lacep.,,the Esox argenteus, Forst. App. Bl. Schn., 396. Having seen the Amerlcan spec1es only, I am not yet well acquainted with their distinguishing ch:u·acters. C.1l ~he Esoce c!Lirocentre, Lacep., V, viii, 1, sabre or sabran of Commerson, twhl ucChl 1s tdhe bsam,e fish as the Clu:pea dentex ' Schn ., p · 428 , F orsk. ,p. 72 , .oras . e up. ora , Gm., and as the Wallalt, Russ., 199. It is probably also the Par· nng, or Clmees, ofthe Moluccas, Re11., VIII, 55. (2) Hyodon clodalus, Lesueur, Ac. Nat. Sc Philad I pl x' d 367·-H tergisus, ld. lb., p. 366. · ., ' · lv, an P· ' · VIi3 ~~so; malaba:icus, Bl., 392;-Synodus eryiltrinus, lll., Schn. Gron., Mus., at' ,- yn. taretra, In. Schn., pl. 79, Marc gr., 157 ;-Syn. palustris, Bi. Schn., E m uraque, Marcgr., 169;-Erytltrinus tceniatus, Spix, XIX·-probably also the sox gymnocepltalus, L. · ' N.B. The Synod-us vzdnes 1 k f: -r ' on Y nown rom Catesby, II, xxx, which appears to km e to bbe thefi same '• ts the B u t · ba nane, and as the Synodus synodus, Schn. only w~~;:111ayd la tg: of Gronovius, Zooph., and Mus., VIII, 2, is a Salmo saw·us, fro u h os. d1 ts se.c on. d d.o r!ja] · Tll e E sox synudus, L., so far as we canJ·U dg e m le s Ol t escrJpbon, lS different. MALACOPTERYGII ABDOMIN ALES. 241 AMrA, Lin. The Amire are closely related to the Erythrini in their jaws, teeth, and head, which latter is covered with hard and bony plates, in their large scales, and in the flat rays of their branc hire; but there are twelve of these rays. Between the branches of their lower jaw is a sort of bony buckler, the rudiment of which is visible in Megalops and Elops; behind their conical teeth are others resembling small pavingstones, and their dorsal, which commences between the pectorals and ventrals, extends close to the caudal. The anal, on the contrary, is short. Each nostril is provided with a little tubular appendage. The stomach is ample and fleshy, the intestine wide, strong, and without creca, and what is very remarkable, the natatory bladder is cellular, like the lung of a reptile. .!1. calva, L.; Bl., Schn.; 80 .( 1) The only species known; it is found in the rivers of Carolina, where it feeds on crabs. It is rarely eaten. · Sunis, Cuv.(2) Fresh-water fishes which have all the characters of an Erythrinus, except that their dorsal and anal, placed opposite to each other and of about an equal size, occupy the last third of the total length of the body. There is one species with a very short snout, Sudis .!J.danaonii, Cuv., brought from the Senegal by Adanson, and another, 8. gigas, Cuv.; S. pirarucu, Spix, XVI, of a very great size, with an oblong snout, large bony scales, and singularly rough head, from Brazil. A third, S. niloticus, Ehr., discovered by M. Ehrenberg in the Nile, has a singular spiral tube which adheres to the third branchia, perhaps somewhat analogous to that observed in Anabas and other neighbouring genera. The OsTEOGLossuM, V andelli, Has many points of resemblance with Sudis, but is particularly distinguished from that genus by two cirri which float from beneath the symphysis of the lower jaw; the anal is united with the caudal; the tongue is bony and excessively asperous from the circumstance of its being so completely covered with short, straight, and trun- (1) N.B. The .llmia immaculata, Scbn., 451, or the Macabi, Parra, XXXV, 1, 3, 5, is nothing more than the Butirin banane. (2) Sudis, a name employed by Pliny as synonymous with Sphyrtena. VoL. II.-2 F \ |