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Show 152 PISCES. There is a species whose last dorsal an.d anal ray is detached, Seriolabipinnulata, Cuv.; Zool. de Freycm., pl. 61, f. 3. NoMEUS, Cuv. These fishes, which for a long time were place~ among the Go. hies, are related in many particulars to the Senolre, but their ex. tremely large and broad ventrals, ~ttached to the belly by their internal edge, give them a very peculiar character. Nom. mauritii, Cuv.; the Harder, Marcgr., 153. A species from the American seas; silvery, with transverse black bands on the back. ( 1) TEMNODON, Cuv. The tail unarmed; the small fin, or free spines before the anal, or the Seriolre; the first dorsal is very slight and low, the second and the anal covered with small scales; but their principal character consists in a range of separate, pointed and trenchant teeth in each jaw; behind these, above, is a row of small ones, and the vomer, palatines and tongue are furnished with others, very small and crowded. The operculum terminates in two points, and there are seven rays in the branchire. Tem. saltator, Cuv. The only well known species; it is about the size of a Mackerel, and one of the small number of fishes common to both oceans.(2) CARANX, Cuv. Scomberoides characterized by a lateral line more or less mailed with scaly plates or bands, carinated and frequently spinous. They have two distinct dorsals, a horizontal spine before the first; the (1) .It is the Gobius Gronovii, Gmel., the Gobiomore Gronovien, Lacep., the E/tbtris mauritii, nl., Schn., and the Scomber zonatus, Mitch. Ann. Op. cit. I, iv, 3,it attains the size of a Salmon. The other, Harder of Marc gr., Braz., 166, appears t~ be aMugil. Harder or Herder, (Shepherd) is a name applied by Dutch sailors to various fishes for reasons similar to those which have induced European mariners to call the Naucrates, Pilot-fish, &c. It is even possible that from the resemblance of the black bands, our Nomeus may have been confounded with it. (2) We possess specimens which scarcely differ from each other, from Alexandria, the United States, Brazil, Cape of Good Hope, and New Holland. It is the Clteilodiptere leptacantlte, Lacep., III, xxi, 3, copied from Commerson, and his Porn::: tome skib, IV, viii, 3, from Bose. It is also the Perea saltatrix, L.; Catesb., II, vuJ, I 2, or Spare sauteur, Lacep. Add, Perea antarctica, Carmich., Lin. Trans. xn.:av. ACANTHOPTERYGII. 153 last rays of the second but slightly connected, and sometimes separated into spurious fins; some spines, free, or forming a small fin before the anal. Several species inhabit the sens of Europe, resembling the Mackerel in form and flavour, and remarkable for the bands or plates which cover their lateral line, commencing from the shoulder. They are confounded under the name of Sau1·els, Bastard Mackerel, &c.-Scomber trachurus, L., but they differ in the number of bands( 1) and the more or less sudden curvature of the lateral line. Species very similar to those of Europe are found as far as New-Zealand. In some, the plates merely cover the posterior anu straight part of the lateral line, its anterior and arcuated portion being furnished with small scales. Some are fusiform, and of these, one has a single spurious, dorsal and anal fin,(2) another has several,(3) but most of them have none.( 4) Others again, which have a more elevated body, but still retain the oblique and but slightly convex profile, are remarkable for a single range of teeth.( 5) Some fishes of this genus, termed CARANGUES by the French sailors, have an elevated body and a sharp profile, convexly curved, and descending suddenly. The species are very numerous in both oceans. C. carangus; Scomber carangus, Bl., 340. Silvery, with a black spot on the operculum, and frequently found to weigh from twenty to twenty-five pounds; an excellent fish. A very similar species, but in which the black spot is wanting; the Gttaratereba, Seb. III, xxvii, 3, is, on the contrary, very apt to prove poisonous.( 6) (1) There are from seventy to a hundred of these bands. (2) Kurra·woodagahwah, Russ. 139 ;-Car. punctatus, Cuv., called Scomber hippos, by Mitch., New York, op. cit. I, v, 5, but which is not the hippos of Lin· n~us;-Curvata pinima, Marc gr. Braz. 150. (3) Scomber Rotleri, lll., 346, and Russel, 143;-Sc. cordyla, L., but not his synonymes, which are CA:aANGr. (4) Scomb. crumenophtalmus, Bl., 34.'3;-Sc. Plumieri, Bl., 344, the same as the &. ruber, 343, and as the Caranx Daubenton, Lacep. HI, 71. (5) Scomb. dentex, nl., Schn. ;-Caranx lune, Geoff. Saint·Hil., Eg. Poiss. xxiii, ~·to which the Citula Banksii, Riss., 2d ed. VI, 13, and perhaps the Trachuros tmperialis, Hafin., Car. XI, 1, are, at least, closely allied. i6l Add, the Scomb. hippos, L., which is the Sc. ch1·ysos, Mitcb.;-Ekalalt para 1• Russ. 146, perhaps the Scomb. ignobilis, Forsk. ;-Car. sexjasciatus, Quoy et Gaym., Zool., Freycin., pl. 65, f. 4;-Jarra dandree paralt, Russ. 147;-Scomb. VoL. Il.-U \ |