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Show 1879.] MR. GARROD ON THE RESPIRATION OF CHELONIA. 649 fascia of the fore wings, in this last respect approaching somewhat P. odenatus, West. One specimen, however, from the above district, but unfortunately not preciselv localized, differs so much that though, judging from one specimen only, it is probably only a variety of P. cyprceaji/a, yet, as Prof. Westwood regards P. odenatus as requiring a specific name, I have followed him (for tbe sake of uniformity in the nomenclature of these closely allied forms) in distinguishing this apparent variety by a name also :- Var. gallienus, Dist. Differs from P. cyprceafila in the much narrower central fascia of the hind wings, which is only 8 millims. wide, and in the smaller and more divided spots of the macular fascia of the fore wings. These fasciae and marginal incisures are also of a pale-lemon hue. PAPILIO ZALMOXIS, Hew. Ex. Butt. iii. Pap. t. 6. f. 18 (1864). One specimen from R. Ogowai (Nassau) is remarkable for its smaller size, 5yg inch, rather more than 1 inch less in expanse than tvpe and ordinary specimens. The ground-colour of the underside of posterior wings is also darker ferruginous. PAPILIO HORRIBILIS, Butl. Lep. Ex. p. 88, t. 34. f. 2 (1872). Var. calabaricus, Dist. This variety differs chiefly from Butler's figure in the submarginal row of five spots to the posterior wing. The upper three are very small; but of these the central one is much the largest and the third the smallest and indistinct (sometimes wanting) ; fourth and fifth very much the largest, fifth much smaller than fourth. A red spot on lower portion of abdominal margin. The median fascia to hind wings is generally narrower and straighter than in P. horribilis, but in one specimen agrees in that respect with Butler's figure. I have examined thirteen specimens, and, finding these characters constant, have distinguished it as a variety of P. horribilis, though probably it should be more correctly called a distinct "local race." Isubu, Mongo-ma-lobah. 5. Note on the Mechanism of Respiration as well as of the Retraction of the Head and Limbs in certain Chelonia. By A. H. GARROD, M.A., F.R.S. [Eeceived June 13, 1879.] For some time past I have been acquainted with the fact that in Tortoises the movement of the limbs influences the degree of inflation of the lungs; and on one occasion I have been able, in a dead specimen of a large species, to blow out a candle by means of the current of air issuing from the nostrils consequent upon m y forcibly pushing inwards one of the previously extended anterior limbs. From this I inferred that the rigidity of the thoracic and abdominal walls (which entirely precludes their'being employed in respiration) is made up for by the |