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Show 22 MR. E. J. MIERS ON CRUSTACEA FROM [J ALPHElDiE. Alpheus bisincisus, De Haan. Japan, Katsura, Corean Channel: p. 53. A.japonicus, n. Japanese seas (North Pacific coast) : p. 53. A. kingsleyi, n. Japanese seas (North Pacific coast): p. 54. A. gracilipes, Stm.? Corean Channel, Tahiti: p. 55. Rhynchocyclus planirostris (De Haan). Japan, Ly-i-moon Straits, near Hong Kong: p. 55. Hippolyteleptognatha, Stm. Japan, Gulf of Yedo, Hakodadi:p.56. Pandalusgracilis, Stm. Corean Channel, Gulf of Hakodadi: p. 56. PEN,EIDEA. PEN.EID.E. Penceus affinis, M.-Edw. Japanese and Corean seas, Indo-Pacific region : p. 56. CUMACEA. LLeteroeuma sarsi, gen. and sp. n. Corean and Japanese seas: p. 58. H. sarsi, var. granulata, n. Corean Channel: p. 58. Remarks on the Geographical Distribution of the Species. The Crustacean fauna of Japan includes many species of restricted range and peculiar to the seas of Eastern Asia, besides many of the common and widely-spread littoral Indo-Pacific forms; but it also presents affinities with the European and especially the Mediterranean fauna, and that of the west coast of the American continent. As illustrating the European affinities I may note the occurrence, both in the South-European and Japanese seas, of such well-known genera as Achecus, Ebalia, and Eupagurus, and the remarkable genus Latreillia (of this latter I have seen no specimens), and of the Por-tunus corrngatus, Pennant, originally described from the British coast; moreover the Penceus distinctus, De Haan, is either identical with or closely allied to the Mediterranean Solenocera siphonocera, Philippi, and in the present collection occur species of the genera Mcera and Pycnogonum, scarcely distinct from the well-known European M. truncatipes and P. littorale. The last-mentioned is a boreal species; but the instances above given (and others which might be cited) show that the relationship which does exist is not confined to forms which may have made their way from Europe to Japan along the northern shores of Asia. The affinity of the Japanese with the Western-American Crustacean fauna is similarly evidenced by the existence of many genera common to the shores of both regions, the species being either identical or very closely allied, so closely, indeed, that further comparative study might show the relationship is even more near than is now suspected. Instances in the present collection are the genera Pu-gettia, Oregonia, Trichocarcinus, Telmessus, Heterograpsus, Hapa-logaster, Puchycheles, Paracrangon, Rhynchocyclus, among the Podophthalmia. Many of the genera thus common to the two regions are scarcely |