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Show _, 0fCOMMON-WEALTH. OfCOMMoN-WEALTH. mm. 65417.30 Chap 30. forthe prefent. Itake it here in the firft fenfe onely: And in this k onel inward, is to be taken from the general! informati- fenfe, there is no choyce of Counfcll, neither in a Democracy, nor Arif'tocraCy, becaufe the perfons Counfelling are members of the d2: sitidcomplhlints of the people of each Provmce, who are bet} acquainted with their own wants, and ought therefore, when they per-ion Counfelled. The choyce of Counfellours therefore is proper to Monarchy; In which, the Soveraign that endeavoureth not to demand nothing in derogatid of the eflentiallRtghts of Soveraigm ty to be diligently taken notice . of. For Without thofe Effentiall make choyce of thofe, that in every kind are the molt able, difchargeth not his Office as he ought to do. The molt able Counfellours, Rights, ( as I have often before fa1d,) the Common-wealth cannot are they that have leaft hope of benefit by giving evill Counfell, and melt knowledge of thofe things that conduct to the Peace," and De- at ill 82mmander of an Army in chiefe, if he be'not Popular.) {hall fence of the L ommon-wealth. It is a hard matter to know who ex- peé‘teth benefit from publique troubles; but the fignes that guide to a jufl fufpicion, is the foothing of the people in their unreaibnable, or irremediable grievances, by men whofe ei'tates are not [iiificient to difcharge their accuftomed expences, and may eafily be obferved by any one whom it concerns to know it. But to know, who has molt knowledge of the Publique nun-cs, is yet harder-7 and they that . f flit. ' not be beloved, nor feared as e ought to be by his Army; and confequently cannot performe that office With good fuccelfe. He mull therefore be Indufirious, Valiant, Affable, Liberall and Fortunate, that he may ain an opinion both of fuificiency, and of loving his Souldiers.T is is Popularity,and breeds in the Souldters both defire, and courage, to recommend themfelves to his favour; and protects the feverity of the Generall, in puniihing (when need is) the Mutinous, or negligent Souldiers. But this love of Souldiers, (if cauti- know them, need themla great deale the leffe. For to know, who on be not givcnof the Commanders fideltty,_) IS a dangerous thing knowes the Rules almofl of any Art, is a great degree of the know to Soveraign Power gefpecially when it it is in the hands of an A1". fembly not popular. It belongeth therefore to the fafety of the Peo- ledge of the fame Art, becaufe no man can be aflured of the truth of anothers Rules, but he that is firft taught to underftand them, But the belt fignes of Knowledge of any Art, are, much converfing in it, and conflant good effects of it. Good Counfell comes not by Lot, nor by Inheritance-,and therefore there is no more reafon to expect good Advice from the rich, or noble, in matter of State, than in delineating the dimenfions of a fortreife, unleffe we ihall think there needs no method in the ftudy of the Politiques, (as there does in the Rudy of Geometry,) but onely to be lookets on, which is not f0. For the Politiques is the harder ftudy of the two. Whereas in thefe parts of Europe, it hath been taken for a Right of certain perfons, to have place in the highefi Councell of State by Inheritance ; it is derived from the Conquei'ts of the antient Germans ; wherein many abfolute Lords joyning together to conquer other Nations, ple, both that theybe good Conduétors, and faithfull Subjefts, to whom the Soveraign Commits his Armies. But when the Soverai n himfelfe is~Populax 5 that is, reverenced and belovedof his People, there is no danger at all from the Popularity of a Subject. For Souldiers are never fo generally unjufl, as to tide with their Captain -,though they love him, againlt their Soveraign, when they love not onely his Perfon, but alfo his Caufe. And therefore thofe,who by violence have at any time fuppreffed the Power of their lawfull Sove raign, before they could fettle the mfelves in his place, have been alwayes put to the trouble ofcontriving their Titles, to fave the People from the ihame of receiving them, To have a known Right to Soveraign Power, is [0 popular a quality, as he that has it needs no more, for tis own part, to turn the hearts would not enterin to the Confederacy, without {uch Priviledges, as of his Subjects to him, but that they fee him able abfolutely to go- {night be marks of difference in time following, between their Polterity, and the Pofierity of their Subjects; which Priviledges being , vern his own Family :Nor, onthe part of his enemies, but a disban- inconfiftentwiththe Sovetaign Power, by the favour of t 1e Sove- raign, they may feem to keep; but contending for them as their Right,they muff needs by degrees let them go, and have at lail no further honour, then adhxreth naturally to their abilities. And howable foever bethe Counfellours in any atfaire, the be- nefit of their Counfellis greater, when they give every one his Ad- vice, and the reafons ofit apart, than when they do it in an AflEinbly, by way of Orations -,and when they have przrmeditated, than when they {peak on the fudden -, both becaufe they have more time, to fur- vey the confequencesof action; and are leile fubjec't to be carried away to contradiction, through Envy, Emulation, or other l'ailions arifing from the difference of opinion. The bell Counfell, in thofe things that concern n0t other Nations, but onelythe cafe, and benefit the Subjects may enjoy, by Lanes th..t 185 ding of their Armies. For the greatefi and moft active part of Mankind, has never hetherto been well contented with the refent. Concerning the Offices of one Soveraign to another, which are comprehended in that Law, which is commonly called the Law of" Miriam, I need not fay any thing in this place 5 becaufe the Law of Nations, and the Law of Nature, is the fame thing. And every 50veraign hath the fame Right, in procuring the fafety of his People, that any articular man can have, in procuring the fafety of his own Body. nd the fame Law, that dictateth to menthat have no Civil Government, what they ought to do, and what to avoyd in regard of one another, diftateth the fame to Common-wealths, that is, to the Conferences of Soveraign Princes, and Sovcraign Aifem being no Court of Naturall Juftiee, but in the Confc blies , there ience onely; where not Man, but God raigneth, whofe Lawes, ( of them as oblige all Mankind,) in rci‘peét of God, as he is fuch the Author of Natttre,‘ {Emmanderr. .'2.filfl‘ Part 2, |